Theatre director Pavel Osipovich Chomsky: biography, personal life

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

An outstanding person Pavel Osipovich Chomsky had a large number of titles and professions. He was a well-known director, People's Artist of the RSFSR, Artistic Director of the State Academic Theater named after Mossovet, Honored Artist of the Latvian SSR, professor, and Honored Art Worker of the RSFSR.

Biography

Before 1941, little is known about how Pavel Osipovich Chomsky lived. Until that time, the personal life of the director has been little covered. There is very little information about his parents and family.

It is known that Pavel's parents were employees and had a law degree. He did not grow up in a simple family. Father's name was Chomsky Osip Pavlovich, he worked in the Ministry of Paper and Forest Industry as a legal adviser. Mom Chomskaya Berta Isidorovna also worked as a lawyer for a long time, she was even elected a people's judge.

In Moscow, on March 30, 1925, Khomsky Pavel Osipovich was born. Nationality never interfered with his work, he held high leadership positions. His wife was born in 1939. Three daughters were born in the marriage of Pavel and Natalya: Natalya, born in 1959born, Ekaterina born in 1966 and Lyubov born in 1975.

Pavel Chomsky had four grandchildren: Anna, Varvara, Mikhail and Esther.

Behind enemy lines

The terrible tragedy of the early 40s changed the fate of millions of people, including Pavel Osipovich Khomsky. His biography has changed dramatically in connection with these events.

Until 1941, he studied at a secondary school in Moscow. After the outbreak of the war, he decides to go to the construction of defensive fortifications in the Smolensk region. In June 1941, he went to a construction site as part of a Komsomol brigade. At that time, German troops landed on this territory, and the brigade was completely cut off from its soldiers, the Germans took them into a tight ring, the Komsomol members were behind enemy lines.

There was nothing else to do but break through the encirclement. The young and inexperienced brigade was reorganized into a militia and, under the leadership of an experienced foreman, was sent to break through to their soldiers. Despite the fact that they were people with no military experience, they had to engage in a firefight with the enemy more than once and even fight with tanks. A large number of militias died, but still they managed to break through the enemy ring.

Pavel Osipovich Chomsky at that time did not reach military age, he was only 16 years old, and everyone who was older was immediately enrolled in the ranks of the army. He and all the young guys were sent home.

War years

Because he is not old enoughpassed into the army, then went to live in Tomsk with relatives. At that time, my father was transferred to Tomsk to the position of deputy director of the plant.

After graduating from the 10th grade, where he passed the exams as an external student, Pavel enters the Leningrad Theater Institute, which was evacuated to Tomsk. After the second year, he receives a summons to enlist in the Red Army.

He spends quite a bit of time in a military school and decides to file a demobilization report to the front. His request is granted and immediately sent to Gorky, where he is trained in an artillery regiment. Having received the speci alty of an artillery gunner, the future director Khomsky Pavel Osipovich served on the Western Front.

The beginning of creative activity

The command of the unit decides to transfer Pavel to the army theater of variety and miniatures, as soon as it became known that before the war he studied at the Leningrad Theater Institute. This theater, in order to maintain military spirit, very often went to the front with numbers, and also constantly visited various military units of the Moscow region.

Pavel served in this theater until the end of the war. In 1945, he was demobilized and decided to continue his career. Then he is studying in Moscow, at the Stanislavsky Opera and Drama Studio.

First job

In 1947 he graduated, and he was immediately hired here, but his career at the Stanislavsky Opera and Drama Theater lasted only a year. Pavel leaves Moscow and goes to work at the Theater of Russiandrama in Riga. Here he worked as a second director, together with A. A. Efremov, and an actor.

It was in this theater that Pavel Osipovich Chomsky made his debut as a director. His first performances were the works of M. Svetlov called "20 Years Later" and the work of Calderon "No joking with love." The plays were very well liked by the audience and received a large number of positive reviews from theater critics.

After such success, Chomsky was noticed and offered to go to work at the State Theater for Young Spectators of the Latvian SSR. At first he was given the position of a full-time director, and in 1957 Pavel Chomsky became the main director.

He combined work in the theater with studies at GITIS, at the Faculty of Theater Studies. The transfer to the post of chief director of the theater made Pavel Chomsky famous throughout the Soviet Union as the youngest chief director, and a little later he was awarded the title of Honored Artist of the Latvian SSR.

During the time he worked at the Riga Youth Theater as a director, Chomsky staged more than forty performances, each of which was a real masterpiece.

In 1959, Chomsky, already as the chief director, returned to the Riga Theater of Russian Drama. Many outstanding performances were also staged within these walls, such as The Naked King by Yevgeny Schwartz, The Irkutsk Story by Alexei Arbuzov, Ocean by Abram Stein and many others.

Return home

In those days, Leningrad and Moscow people often came to Rigatheaters. After reviewing some of Chomsky's works, the leadership of the Leningrad Theater decided to invite a young talented director to stage the play "Two Colors" by Kuznetsov and Zak, and then "Seeing the White Nights" by Vera Panova.

Both performances were a resounding success. They were liked not only by the audience, but also by the theater management, in connection with this success, Chomsky was offered the position of chief director of the Lenin Komsomol Theater in Leningrad.

But not everything went so smoothly. For five years of work in this theater, Pavel Osipovich Chomsky staged a large number of famous performances, but not all of his works were to the liking of representatives of the nomenklatura elite of the city. He was severely reprimanded several times, including for the play "On the Road" by Viktor Rozov. By the way, until the last days, the director considered this work to be his best creation.