How many anthems does our country have, and who wrote the Russian anthem?

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

Who wrote the Russian anthem? Which of the several hymns are you talking about? After all, there were at least three of them. And if we take into account that the modern Russian Federation is the legal successor of the USSR, then three more can be added. And after 1917, before the formation of the USSR in 1922, there were two more. So who wrote the Russian anthem, which one and when?

A state abroad is usually recognized by three symbols: coat of arms, flag and anthem. These three attributes are necessary for any self-respecting sovereign state. But it was not always so. This word appeared in the Greek language - "hymnos", and it meant a solemn song dedicated to a deity, this is a musical work of an official nature. In Europe, then the most famous was the British anthem "God Save the King". It has been used since the middle of the 18th century and was adopted in the 19th century by more than 20 European countries. Russia was among them. After 1812, the Russian poet A. Vostokov composed the march “Song to the Russian Tsar”. Later, the philologist V. A. Zhukovsky changed this text, and A. S. Pushkin added two verses to it. Therefore, it is difficult to say who wrote the Russian anthem: Vostokov, Zhukovsky or Pushkin. In 1816 in Warsaw, at a military parade, the first anthem was performed and acquired the status of a state anthem. But it only lasted until30s. And then the new Tsar Nicholas I once said out of boredom that he was “boring listening to English music for so many years”, after which he called the composer A. F. Lvov, who was devoted to him, and ordered him to compose a masterpiece of anthemism. A. F. Lvov concurrently commanded the tsar's escort, and in his free time from the escort he accompanied members of the family of Nicholas I and his friends in the tsar's home concerts. For the sake of formality, a competition was organized, many musicians took part in it. Among them was M. I. Glinka. After long hesitation and reflection, the music was written by A. F. Lvov. And the words were again composed by V. A. Zhukovsky. From December 1833, the whole of Russia sang the new anthem.

In 1917, the anthem "God Save the Tsar" lost its relevance - Tsar Nicholas II renounced power. Again, a new anthem was needed. The search began. The most suitable seemed to be the "Working Marseillaise" (Russian words set to the original music of the anthem of the French Republic), written in 1875. By 1917, it was already considered the unofficial anthem of the revolution. However, when during a meeting with the leader of the RSDLP V. I. Lenin at the Finland Station in Petrograd, the orchestra played the Marseillaise, Lenin suggested: “Let's sing the Internationale.” So in January 1918 he became the property of Soviet Russia, and then passed into use by the USSR (until the end of 1943) and part-time by the III Comintern.

In 1943, they decided to dissolve the III Comintern, and the "Internationale" (as the party anthem of the III Comintern) to inherit the CPSU (b) (later - the CPSU). So the USSR lost its anthem. In anticipation of these events, a secret competition was announced for a new anthem for the USSR. It wasit is indicated that the text must necessarily contain the names of Lenin and Stalin.

War correspondent SV Mikhalkov and poet G. El-Registan won the competition. So from the beginning of 1944 a new anthem of the USSR appeared. After the death of Stalin and until the mid-70s

years, only music was performed (by A. V. Aleksandrov) or only the first verse and chorus - the name of Stalin was present in the text. In 1977, with the adoption of the new Constitution, the text was rewritten. The author is again S. V. Mikhalkov.

In 1991, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Russian Federation was again left without an anthem. For some time there was only the music of M. I. Glinka "Patriotic Song".

Russia received its last anthem in 2000. And, in your opinion, who wrote the Russian anthem in this version. Of course, the honored composer of Russian hymns. And since 2000, the updated anthem of Russia, authored by S. V. Mikhalkov, and composer A. V. Aleksandrov, sounds with renewed vigor for the glory of the great country.