Berendey - who is this? Tsar Berendey

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

On the one hand, it is not difficult to answer the question “Who is this Berendey?” On the other hand, it is not easy to give a detailed and complete description of this semi-mythical image. This topic was addressed at different times by our wonderful poet, amazing playwright, wonderful extraordinary composer. And today, in 1968, the film "The Snow Maiden" was created. Actor P. Kadochnikov played the role of Tsar Berendey in it. He is wise, insightful, kind and just.

Start with poetry

The first one told the Russian reader the tale of Tsar Berendey V. A. Zhukovsky. The poet gave him little space. The main characters in it are Ivan Tsarevich, Marya Tsarevna, the daughter of Koshchei the Immortal and Tsar Koschey. Berendey appears only at the beginning of the story and at the end. How does the poet Berendey appear? Who is this?

An older king with a knee-length beard. He has no children until old age. He is deeply saddened by this. Leaving his capital city to inspect his kingdom, he was away for 8 months. On the way back, at the end of the ninth month, on a sultry hot day, he wanted to rest. ATthe tent was stuffy. The king dreamed of clean spring cold water. He mounted a horse and rode around the field. He came across a full well, in which floated a ladle with an amber handle.

The ladle turned out to be not simple: it was not given into the hands of the king. Then Berendey stopped catching the tricky vessel, but simply bent down to the water, drowning his entire beard in it, and began to drink greedily. Having quenched his thirst, the unfortunate king could not raise his head from the well. The pliers of a monster with burning eyes like huge emeralds clung to him tightly. The monster won't let go. Laughs. “Give,” he says, “what you don’t know about.” Berendey thought. Everything is familiar to him in his kingdom, and he agreed. Got the desired freedom and left.

What awaited the king at home

The tale of Berendey Zhukovsky continues. The queen came out on the porch to meet him with a pretty baby in her arms. Berendey twirled. "Who is it?" he asks. “Your son Ivanushka,” says his beloved wife. Now the king understood what he did not know and with whom he had to part. Berendey did not tell anyone about his promise, he only waited all the time for them to come and take the child away, and therefore he was sad all the time. But time passed, the prince grew up, no one came for him, and the king began to forget the story at the well. Ivanushka grew up handsome and went to the forest to hunt.

The Adventures of the Prince

We continue the tale of Berendey. In the thicket, an unkind old man with a green beard and green eyes crawled out of the hollow to the king's son and ordered the prince to go to his father and remind him of his duty. Ivanushka thought and went back. He told the tsar-father about the meeting and strange words. Here Berendey began to cry and revealed his terrible secret to his son. “Don’t cry, don’t twist,” the son answered. “I will go, and if I don’t return after a year, then it means that I am not alive.” He got on his horse and galloped to no one knows where. He came across a lake. 30 ducks swam on it, and thirty white shirts lay on the shore. The prince took one of them and hid with it in the bushes. The ducks swam ashore and turned into beautiful girls. They quickly put on their shirts and disappeared. Only one plaintively shouts at the shore, beats with wings. I felt sorry for her Ivanushka, and he went out to her. She tells him: "Give me my dress, I'll come in handy later."

Ivan sat in the bushes, turned away, and then a girl of indescribable beauty came up to him and said in a clear voice that she and her 29 sisters were the daughters of Koshchei the immortal, who owns the underworld. "Do, prince, everything that I will teach you, and do not be afraid of anything." She stamped her foot, and both went down underground.

The appearance of the prince in Koshchei's palace and the first tasks

Ivan entered Koshchei's bright stone palace and knelt before the throne. Tsar Koschey was very angry at first, and then he laughed. He said that if Ivan served him three services, he would be free. He sent Tsarevich Koschey to rest from the road and called to him early in the morning.

I set the first task: to build a marble palace with a golden roof and crystal windows overnight and set up a garden with ponds around it. Ivan returned to his chambers with heavy thoughts. Then flew into his windowgolden bee. She turned into Princess Mary. Ivanushka told her about his trouble. The girl consoled him and promised that by morning everything would be done, and the prince only had to walk and tap with a hammer. And so it happened. When Koschei saw the palace, he could not believe his eyes. He got angry, but gave a new task for tomorrow: to choose the youngest of his 30 daughters. He sits in his chambers, and again a bee flies to him and says that the sisters all have one face, and he recognizes her by the midge on her cheek.

Ivan's choice of a girl

In the morning, 30 girls stood up in front of the king's son. Three times he needs to go past them and choose the youngest. It turned out to be difficult. Ivan walked past the girls twice, but he did not see the midge. He walks for the last time, peers very carefully and sees a midge on his pink cheek. Ivan took the chosen one and brought her forward. Koschei got angry. Feels that things are not clean.

Koschei's third trick

He immediately gave Ivan the third task: to sew boots. The prince went to his place, thoughtful. Then a bee flies in the window and says that they both need to run from certain death.

She spat on the window, and saliva froze to it. They went out and locked the door. The key was thrown far away: no one will find it. Both ended up by the lake, where they first met. There the horse is grazing on the grass. I recognized the owner, rushed over and stood in front of him. The prince mounted the horse with the princess and rushed forward to freedom. Koshchei, meanwhile, sends messengers to find out if the boots are ready. They are salivating from behind the door thatwill arrive soon. So it happened again. Koschei got angry and ordered the doors to be broken, there was no one behind them. "In pursuit!" - shouts Koschey. The servants set off to catch up with the fugitives. Only Princess Marya has various tricks in store just in case.

Mistake of Ivan Tsarevich

Koschey himself could not catch up with them, so unfortunately they met a beautiful city along the way. Ivan was drawn to the city, and Marya warned him that he might forget her there, and she would die. It all worked out that way. From melancholy, the beautiful princess turned into a dove flower. He was dug up and planted in a pot in his hut by an old man. Zhukovsky's tale "Tsar Berendey" is coming to an end. Again, the beautiful princess managed to turn into a girl and rescue her betrothed from the city right from the wedding. So now they rushed to Berendey's palace, where they were welcomed as welcome and dear guests. They did not think for a long time, called the guests and played a wedding.

Who are Berendei

From time immemorial, according to the historian S. M. Solovyov, this tribe served under Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky of Vladimir and lived near Pereyaslavl-Zalessky. Remained in the memory of people in these places Berendeyevo swamp and traces of housing nearby. However, some of them wandered and guarded the borders of Kyiv from the Polovtsians and other princes. So this tribe was not at all mythical, but quite real. Did they have a king named Berendey? Who it is, historians have not established. Most likely, it was a petty prince. He remained in the legends, like this tribe unfamiliar to us. It happened in the XII century. One hundred years later, part of the Berendey moved to Hungary and Bulgaria. Remains of the tribeunited with the Slavs and turned into Russians.

In the mythology, which was perfectly used by the writer N. Ostrovsky, and then by the composer N. Rimsky-Korsakov, there is the peasant king Berendey. Who is it? The man who kissed the cross for loy alty to his people, farmers and grain growers. He is the guardian of the faith and the wise mentor of his subjects.

Vera Berendey

They were pagans and spiritualized all the nature around them. Every pebble, especially a large boulder, every tree and every bush and leaf had a soul. They, like everyone else, wanted to know their future. The fortune-telling of the Berendeys consisted in the fact that they looked at the leaves that fell under their feet.

So their patroness, nature, gave them signs. If even today you want to tell fortunes for love, then you can write the name of your beloved on a leaf, then throw it up:

• If he rose high, then everything goes joyfully and mutually. If he is still spinning in the air, then the relationship will be happy and long.
• If he flew to the side or low, then quarrels may occur.
• If the leaf fell, then expect conflicts.

Divination by flowers. It is necessary to collect a bouquet of wild flowers and put in a vase or jar. Then make a wish and notice your flower. If it fades overnight, then the wish will not come true. On the bouquet you can tell fortunes with the whole family. Only everyone should choose a separate flower for themselves.

Fortune telling on autumn leaves. 9 fallen leaves are collected: threered, three green, three yellow. They are collected in an arbitrary pile, and then three leaves are taken out of it. According to the combinations of their colors, the meaning is deciphered:

• 3 red leaves have gathered - accomplishments await you if you show dexterity and ingenuity.
• 2 red and yellow - unexpected talents will open.
• 2 red and green - expect good luck if you are decisive.
• 2 yellow and red means a romantic meeting and love or a meeting that will change life for the better.
• 2 yellow and green - minor chores.
• 3 yellow - good luck will come.
• 2 green and yellow - the charm of love will pass.
• 2 green and red - act actively and drive away the blues.
• 3 green - engage in analysis and self-improvement.

Divination on different leaves of trees

• A straight rosehip leaf will say that the relationship can change for the worse.
• An inverted willow leaf means that the wish will come true very soon. Even if it seems that everything has collapsed, you can still be sure that everything will work out even better than you expected.
• A straight oak leaf speaks of successful career growth.
• Linden leaf warns of accidents or someone's envy. Beware of enemies.
• An inverted fern leaf means an unpredictable situation.
• A straight maple leaf is success in business.
• Direct raspberry leaf - expect happiness and prosperity on the doorstep.
• Inverted viburnum leaf - beware of depression. One must strive for happiness.
• Straight sheetaspens - believe in dreams. They are prophetic.

So to this day they tell fortunes from Berendey's mysteries. You should not attach too much importance to them, it is much better to look carefully at your own actions and the actions of others.

This story about the Berendeys can be considered over.