Painting nesting dolls: master class (photo)

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

Matryoshka is a painted wooden doll, a world-famous Russian souvenir that originally appeared in Russia at the end of the 19th century. It was then, during the period of cultural and economic development, that the artistic direction "Russian style" arose. In a short time, Russian folk art spread throughout the world, and matryoshka painting became an integral part of it.

History of Appearance

The traditions of the folk peasant toy called "matryoshka" were started by the Russian artist Sergey Malyutin, one of the most staunch followers of the Russian style. The painted matryoshka, carved from a single piece of wood, has become a symbol of the Russian land. The artistic image of a simple village woman with a rooster in her hands and dressed in a festive outfit conveyed the full depth of the ethnographic traditions of Russia.

The principle of inserting one nesting doll into another was suggested by the detachable Japanese toy "Sage Fukurama", which was brought from the Land of the Rising Sun by the wife of Savva Mamontov, a well-known Russian industrialist. Since that time, the Russian matryoshka has becomea classic souvenir of world importance. A set of dolls, consisting of 37 copies of "small small less", entered the Guinness Book of Records.

The first Russian nesting doll

Artist Milyutin met with Vasily Zvezdochkin, a well-known toymaker from Sergiev Posad, and ordered him eight wooden blanks of different sizes, which could be inserted into one another. An experienced wood turner Zvezdochkin coped with the task - this is how the first set of eight nesting dolls appeared.

The blanks were polished, and Sergei Milyutin started painting the dolls. From the very beginning, the artist had difficulties of a specific nature: the colors spread over the surface, the drawing became shapeless, and he had to start all over again. It seemed that it was impossible to make a painting on wood, but the painter Milyutin, who had previously used only oil paints in his work, nevertheless decided to master the process of painting wooden blanks with tempera.

The water-emulsion base of tempera paints already made it possible to designate a pattern within certain limits, and the viscosity of the coating corresponded to the tasks set. The paints did not spread, and the artist again started painting matryoshkas. However, a new obstacle arose, in some places the paint layer fell into microscopic cracks in the wood structure. In this place, the color of the coating changed radically, a dark spot appeared. Sergey Milyutin became more and more convinced of the need to apply a primer, which would have to level the surface of the workpiece and fill in the fibrous areas of the wood.

In the end, the artist's perseverance was rewarded, and he managed to arrange nesting doll painting, first on the scale of an artel, and then as part of a large manufacturing enterprise.

Painting nesting dolls

The process of painting traditional wooden dolls is associated with special technologies that can be divided into several parts. Matryoshka, the stage-by-stage painting of which consists of three steps: priming, painting and varnishing, requires an artistic approach, so it is difficult for an ordinary enthusiast of folk art to cope with such a task. Otherwise, the result will resemble a popular print.

Another standard provides for a more detailed process, when the painting of a nesting doll is done in a truly artistic style, with the drawing of the smallest signs of the doll's facial expressions, on which the expression of her face depends. Only a professional painter can convey Matrena's mood, smile or sadness. Thus, a matryoshka, the stage-by-stage painting of which is a responsible creative process, will definitely become a work of art, and the quality of execution will directly depend on the level of the master’s training. Currently, due to the high demand for traditional Russian souvenirs, enterprises for their production are increasing their production rates, unfortunately, this affects the quality of products.

Varieties

First of all, the painting of a wooden matryoshka differs by territorialsign. There are several types of popular folk souvenirs: Tverskaya, Sergievskaya, Maidanskaya, Vyatskaya, Semenovskaya. Each variety has special characteristics. Matryoshka, whose types of painting are so diverse, can claim to be recognized as a separate art form. Its history also speaks of such a high rank of folk art - Russian souvenirs have been popular all over the world for more than a hundred years. Types of nesting dolls and their differences:

Semyonovskaya nesting doll, the painting of which is distinguished by a conditionally primitive style, is available to folk craftsmen without art education. Another sign of the Semyonov matryoshka is the doll's apron with obligatory stylized flowers: a huge rose in the middle or a lush bouquet. It is customary to paint a nesting doll from Semyonov with only three colors: blue, yellow and red, combinations of which give the sundress, scarf and apron the unique beauty

Painting nesting dolls in the style of "Tverskaya" is distinguished by its plot. The signature theme of the drawing is the image of historical characters. In addition, such nesting dolls are also made in the classical style - a Russian beauty in a headscarf and an elegant dress with an apron, which is dominated by the image of flowers, landscapes, Russian masterpieces of architecture

Masters of painting nesting dolls in the village of Polkhovsky Maidan (Nizhny Novgorod region) stick to their own style. Their dolls are distinguished by a narrower, elongated head. Instead of a sundress and an apron, this nesting doll has a wide oval with a pattern on a plant theme

Painting nesting dolls in the style of "Vyatka" suggestsbright blue eyes and a soft, shy smile. Vyatka matryoshka is considered the most popular all over the world. The attractiveness of the popular Russian souvenir is added by the unique manufacturing technology - the product is encrusted with natural straw

Sergius matryoshka captivates with its simplicity, naivety of a ruddy face and multi-colored elegant clothes. The traditional distinguishing feature of such a Matryona is a scarf tied in a knot. In the hands of the matryoshka, there is always some object, a bundle, a basket or a bouquet of flowers

Own workshop

Production of a popular and sought-after Russian souvenir can be organized at home. For the arrangement of the workplace you need a small table. If you have the necessary materials, painting nesting dolls at home can be an interesting creative process. To get started, you will need a set of paints, brushes, fine sandpaper and wooden blanks, which are sold in specialized stores. In addition, putty and a primer will be needed to level the surface of the matryoshka. The most important rule of material preparation is to carefully match the line of joining of the upper and lower parts.

When turning nesting dolls on a lathe, the craftsmen do not adjust and leave the joint seam unchanged, thus placing the process of finishing the workpieces on the master who paints the nesting dolls. Artists have to arm themselves with a file and process the protruding parts manually. This must be done, otherwise the halvesproducts will not match. Only when the fitting is completed, and the parts of the matryoshka are easily inserted along the docking line, you can start painting.

After the workpiece is sanded, it must be coated with two layers of primer. If there is no ready-made mixture at hand, you can prepare the composition yourself by mixing PVA glue with water in a ratio of approximately 2: 1. After the primer is completely dry, we start painting nesting dolls with our own hands.

For work it is better to take acrylic paints, they are sold in assortment in all art stores, as well as in the departments of "Needlework Goods". It is not necessary to buy a complete set, most paints will remain unused. It is better to purchase several colors that are used in the coloring process. These are yellow, blue, red, green and black. You will also need white and bright orange. The listed paints are universal and fit into the general style of the famous Russian souvenir.

Do-it-yourself painting of nesting dolls should begin with drawing the contours of the face, scarf, hair, sundress, apron and hands. The drawing is applied with a thin drawing pencil, unsuccessful lines are easily removed with an eraser. All further work depends on the quality of the image, so you should take this stage seriously, it is better to redraw the pencil drawing several times than to get a crooked image in color later.

Training

A special kind of fine arts are works onennoblement of wood products, such as decoupage, intarsia, inversion and drawing in the Khokhloma style, as well as artistic painting of nesting dolls. Master classes in these types of art are available to everyone, they are organized everywhere. At special courses and seminars, they study to the smallest detail such an art form as painting nesting dolls. The master class and subsequent practical classes provide an opportunity to master the interesting and profitable profession of a specialist designer in the field of folk art crafts. The demand for Russian souvenirs is practically inexhaustible. Matryoshka dolls are sold all over the world, which means that the artist who paints wood products will never be without work.

Master class

First you need to prepare a place to work and the material needed for painting nesting dolls. The list includes:

• table covered with oilcloth;
• brushes 4, 3, 1 and one "zero" brush;
• primer;
• acrylic or tempera paints, palette, cloth, cotton buds, wooden skewers or toothpicks for the finest strokes;
• turpentine for diluting paints to the desired consistency;
• simple drawing pencil, eraser, ruler;
• an awl with a large handle for fitting the workpiece;
• lacquer brand PF 157 or 283.

Templates and sketches

At the first stage of work, we draw a drawing with a pencil on the front of the workpiece. If there are several products of the same type and size in the plan, then you can creatematryoshka template for painting, according to which it will be easier to maintain proportions when drawing a picture. It is important to use the stencil correctly. If you have skills in drawing on wood, then you won’t need a nesting doll template for painting, it’s easier to draw contours from memory. This method is also preferable because in the process of drawing you can add something from yourself. Creativity in this regard is justified.

However, in any case, in order to have a sample at hand, you need to create a sketch of the painting of the nesting doll. This should be a drawing on paper, reflecting the general contours of the product, as well as the style of future work.

Next, you need to transfer the pattern to the workpiece by simple copying. It should be noted that the image must be symmetrical, for this you need to draw a straight line vertically from the very top of the future nesting doll to the bottom.

The contour of the face is applied in the form of a circle, the lower part of which falls at the place where the wide lower part of the workpiece passes into a narrower one - the head. At the same time, there should be a place for a scarf on the sides of the circle, and for hair at the top.

Further, the outlines of the scarf are outlined, which can be tied in a knot around Matryona's neck or fall freely, covering the back and part of the sundress in front. After that, you can draw hands down, or bend them at the elbows if there is some object in your hands: a samovar, a loaf, a bouquet of flowers or a basket with mushrooms and berries.

At the next stage, we draw all the contour details in color, paint the sundress with red paint, which will servebackdrop for patterns. We also pre-paint the scarf with a solid color and wait for the background paints to dry completely.

In order to fill the free space in front, we draw a samovar or something else in Matryona's hands. The subject should organically fit into the overall picture. The puffy sleeves of the white shirt go well with the red sundress, which it's time to decorate with floral ornaments or some special trim, it all depends on the artist's imagination.

So, the sundress is completely painted, let's move on to the scarf. Russian shawls, including the famous Pavlovo-Posad shawls, are usually very colorful. Flowers or patterns on them are juicy and bright. This tradition must be followed when painting.

It is best to use rich golden tones, this can be done with a gold gel pen. The combination of black with intense red looks good. All free space on the sundress must be filled with flowers and green plants, as any empty space looks like work in progress.

Face

The most important stage in painting a matryoshka is her eyes, nose and lips. The face must be drawn so that it is expressive and at the same time serene. And most importantly, the nesting doll should smile!

Matryona's eyes are always round. In order to draw them, it is enough to put two points in the right place, located symmetrically relative to each other. Draw circles around the points, then inscribe smaller circles in the circles, which will be the pupils. After that, draw the eyelids - curved lines that smoothly go aroundeyes. Above we draw eyebrows, their shape can be arbitrary. Now we apply a white stroke to each pupil, it will be a glare from daylight.

Matryona's nose does not have to look like a real human nose. It is enough to mark it symbolically with two dots in the right place.

The contour of the lips is the most important stroke on Matrena's face. But drawing it is not difficult, you just need to carefully draw a line in the form of an arc with the ends up. A smile appeared immediately!

Then draw the lower lip in the form of an orange slice, and then the upper lip in the form of two miniature semi-circles.

Face painting

Before you paint the facial contours, you need to prepare a pale pink color scheme. This can be done by mixing red paint with a relatively large amount of water. First you need to try the resulting solution on a piece of paper, then apply a blush on Matryona's cheeks with a cotton swab.

After applying the blush, the eyes, lips and hair, combed in the middle, are painted. The background of the face should not remain pure white. In order to get flesh-colored paint, it is necessary to mix white with ocher. Hue can be chosen experimentally.

Next, you need to make Matryona a revitalizing make-up - this is a careful drawing of the smallest details. At this moment, the matryoshka comes to life.

Last step

After all the work is completed, you need to wait until the matryoshka is completely dry and varnish the product in three layers, drying each of them.

And now, our wonderful wooden nesting doll is completelyready! Painting nesting dolls, photos of which must be left as a keepsake, will now become your best pastime.