2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
Ornament is not the last place in our life. For artists, it is a means of self-expression, a source of inspiration, a field for the manifestation of fantasy. For people directly or indirectly connected with science, it is a source of knowledge. Ornaments are a common way of decorating, decorating elements in many industries. It is used in construction, textile industry, architecture, arts and crafts, etc.
What is an ornament?
In a narrow sense, ornaments are repeating patterns, most often geometric or ornate patterns that serve to decorate objects, clothes, utensils, buildings, etc. Most often they are located at the base, i.e. they serve as a border or frame. In a broad sense, an ornament is understood as a rhythmically repeating pattern that expresses the worldview of a particular people, plays the role of ethnicity.
Types of ornaments
Ornaments are a variety of images. Therefore, they are classified differently. On the one hand, 2 main groups can be distinguished: author's and classical drawings. The first group reflects all the individual ideas of artists, andthe second includes historically developed forms. On the other hand, it is more appropriate to distribute the ornament according to the meaning of the pattern in it. Thus, the following types of ornament are distinguished:
- Geometric, which consists of lines, points and shapes.
- Vegetable - made up of stylized flowers, leaves, branches, fruits, etc.
- Zoomorphic - includes stylized drawings of real or fantasy animals.
- Anthropomorphic, where female and male stylized figures are used as patterns, and sometimes separate parts of the human body.
- Heraldic - uses symbolic images: signs, trophies, emblems.
- Grotesque - combines decorative and pictorial motifs.
- Arabesque - in oriental style, combines floral and geometric images.
Classification by ethnicity is widespread: Russian, Ukrainian, Celtic, Tuvan and so on. Let's consider one of the types of such decoration in more detail.
Russian ornament
Ornaments, patterns, compositions in the Russian style have their own specific features. The first such ornament was recorded in South Slavic books. Byzantine features were traced here, the images looked like dragons, griffins. In the future, this style was called monstrous. It was a quadrilateral, in the center of which a fantastic animal is drawn, with various branches and lines. In the future, motifs with floral, vegetableimages, they were used in the first printed books. At a later time, a traditional Russian ornament was formed, widely used to decorate clothes and household utensils.
Common types of Russian ornament:
- Branch with berries and leaves of strawberry, raspberry or cranberry.
- Combination of plant and animal motifs: poppy flowers with birds, traditionally on a black background.
- Geometric patterns - rhombuses, triangles with a cross inside, 3 colors are commonly used: red, yellow and black.
- Stylized images of animals and people: bears, birds, roosters, etc.
- Flower motifs: red poppies, yellow-red wildflowers.
A striking example of Russian ornamentation is the famous Khokhloma painting used to decorate dishes. Any ornaments are an occasion for inspiration, because they are so easy to learn how to draw. And with new knowledge, you can easily master the technique of painting in ethnic style.
Glossary of important terms
- Arabesque - oriental ornament with ligature and plant and animal motifs.
- Griffin - a mystical bird with an eagle's beak and a lion's body.
- Motif is the key element of the composition in the ornament.
- Stylization is the subordination of a realistic image to ornamental, conditional, schematic forms.
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