Writer Viktor Nekrasov. Biography and creativity

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

Viktor Platonovich Nekrasov is an amazing and significant figure in Russian literature. His first work immediately gained immense popularity and Stalin's approval. However, three decades later, the writer ended up in exile and never returned to his homeland.

Childhood and youth

Viktor Nekrasov, whose biography is given in the article, was born in 1911 in Kyiv. But his childhood was spent in Switzerland and France, where at first she studied in medicine, and then Zinaida Nikolaevna, the writer's mother, worked. Platon Fedoseevich, father, was a bank employee.

Shortly after returning home (1915), there was a revolutionary coup. He brought misfortune to the Nekrasov family: in the 17th, his father died, and a year later, the Petliurists flogged his elder brother Viktor to death. For a while, the mother was afraid to go outside, but everything worked out. They did not touch the family even in the thirties, when many of their acquaintances were arrested. Perhaps this is due to the fact that Zinaida Nikolaevna treated NKVD officers who lived in the same house with them.

Education and theater work

Viktor Platonovich Nekrasov loved Kyiv very much, especially its architecture. It wasn't just a hobby. In the 1930s, he entered the construction institute and studied with I. Karakis, well-known in the country and abroad. However, Nekrasov did not receive a diploma in the speci alty of an architect. The leadership of the institute did not like his project, developed in 1936 on the basis of the ideas of the constructivist Le Corbusier.

The young man was no less interested in theater and literature - while still at school, he and his comrades published the Zuav magazine. Viktor Nekrasov, whose biography will later be connected with this hobby of his, graduated from the theater studio in the 37th. Without becoming an architect, he joined a troupe in Krivoy Rog. Then, until the beginning of the war, he moved from one theater to another. Actor, artist, director, assistant architect - this is what he has been doing for four years.

War and the first work

But Nekrasov came to the recruiting station himself and was assigned to the engineering troops. During the war years, I had to command a battalion. The soldiers who served with him recalled that he always behaved with them on an equal footing and did not hide from bullets. In 1943 he received the medal "For Courage". He was wounded three times, the last time his right arm was broken. So the future writer Nekrasov ended up in the hospital. On the advice of doctors, he began to develop a hand. The result is entries in the form of a diary about experiences at the front. They composed the story that brought him fame "In the trenches of Stalingrad".

The injury was incompatible with further service, and Nekrasov was demobilized with the rank of captain.

Literary and social activities

The story "In the trenches of Stalingrad" (1946) was not the first work about the war. However, recent events were shown so believably that they shocked many readers. It was based on everything that Viktor Nekrasov himself experienced and experienced. The biography of the protagonist was familiar to thousands of yesterday's soldiers: the retreat from the western borders to the Volga itself, the fierce battles for Mamaev Kurgan, the mass death of comrades, disappointments and hopes that the victims were not in vain … In the 47th Nekrasov, a year ago unknown to anyone received the Stalin Prize. Although the day before the award, Fadeev crossed out the work from the list. It is not difficult to imagine, thanks to whom it appeared in him again by morning. It must be said that Nekrasov gave most of the award to purchase wheelchairs for front-line soldiers.

Subsequently, Viktor Nekrasov, whose biography is proof of this, never violated the principles of justice and humanity. In the 1960s, he opposed the construction of a stadium near the Babi Yar site, for which he was declared a Zionist. The story was continued six years later in connection with a speech at a rally dedicated to the next anniversary of the execution of Jews. In 1962, after a trip to Europe, he shared his impressions in essays. This was the start of the persecution. His works ("In his hometown", "Senka", etc.) were expected to be attacked by critics, and they did not reach the mass reader.

Forced emigration

In 1974, asearch. Even before that, the writer spoke out in support of those who were persecuted for dissent. The result is an exclusion from the party, as his opinion did not coincide with the generally accepted one. Now interrogations followed, wiretapping of the phone. They were stripped of all awards, including military ones. Expelled from the Writers' Union. Soon, Viktor Nekrasov, whose work was finally banned, turned to the government with a request for permission to travel to Switzerland. The emigration of the writer began in September. At first he visited relatives, then moved to France, where he died in 1987. Here he was the chief editor of the magazine "Continent", worked on the radio.

"A Little Sad Tale" - the last work of Viktor Nekrasov - is filled with homesickness, which in the late 70s deprived him of citizenship for "activities incompatible with a high rank …". And a small obituary in connection with the death of the writer was published only in Moscow News.