2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
Deineka Alexander Alexandrovich (1899–1969) was a Soviet artist who glorified a bright tomorrow. He is the author of many easel works, watercolors, drawings, mosaic panels and sculptures. Deineka Alexander believed that art “should be life itself.”
Some information about the artist
Born in Kursk and graduated from the Kharkov Art College, Alexander Deineka leaves for Moscow, where he plunges into the bustling artistic life of VKHUTEMAS. He was attracted by monumentality, and therefore most of his works are distinguished by it. He has few chamber works. Even creating works on everyday topics, he rose to high generalizations.
"Defense of Petrograd" (1928)
This first large painting reflects the artist's search for a new language that can express the revolutionary upsurge of a people ready to die for an idea.
Strict and harsh rhythm of the picture. The detachment marches measuredly and harmoniously. In the stern, inflexible faces, in the tightly clenched fists, in the heavy tread of the people, the confidence is expressed to staunchly and unwaveringly defend the achievements of the revolution. a littlelagging behind the wounded only emphasizes the drama and tension of the situation. There are practically no signs of life in the picture. The background is given by the mean line of a remote city. And that's all. The artistic image is extremely majestic and generalized. The picture even approaches the sculpture, the defenders of the city are so powerfully written out. The epic monumentality of the images does not negate the fact that each person has his own, personal character. It’s just that now they are all united by one idea, and there is no place for anything personal at the moment. The discreet coloring of the picture casts with bronze and steel. He also works to create a dramatic situation in which self-confident people plunged with complete calmness - the defense of the revolution is sacred to them. This work, which still impresses today, is undoubtedly the result of much thought and research by the artist.
Thirties
Creative forces are actively looking for an outlet. They just spill out onto the canvas. At this time, the monumental style of the artist is finally taking shape, which is colored by deep lyricism, humanity and attention to his models.
The peak was the painting "Mother" (1932). Beautiful and noble mother's soul. Great is her tenderness for her child trustingly lying on her shoulder. This is truly a Soviet Madonna. The composition of the canvas is asymmetrical, and the coloring is extremely restrained, harmonious and expressive. A little later Alexander Deineka will paint pictures filled with light and sun.
Lyrics on canvases of this period
A completely defenseless image of a boy whofell asleep and curled up next to a vase of cornflowers. This is a completely different Deineka Alexander, full of tenderness for a helpless child. "Crimean Pioneers" (1934) is also a bright, cloudless childhood, which is filled with the flavors of the sea for teenagers. The brightest sun bleached all the colors, leaving one - the joy and fullness of life.
The eyes of the boys on the canvas glow with intelligence and inquisitiveness. This is a bright and he althy world, behind which is the future and which is opposed to the old, outgoing. These children are akin to the images of Gaidar, who are confident in their country, as in the brightest of all existing ones. In those years, Alexander Deineka created many works related to the approval of a he althy lifestyle, which will lead to the creation of a perfect person. In 1935, "Parisian" was written.
As always, the color scheme is concise, and everything works to create a poetic image of a young graceful woman. Her outfit and hat are exquisitely simple. Lips touched by scarlet lipstick, eyes immersed in deep shadows. The model is thoughtful and does not pay attention to what effect it produces. She doesn't care now. This soulful young woman is full of spiritual purity.
Years of the Great Patriotic War
All lyricism and poetry are gone, monumentality inherent in the artist rises before us again in full growth. Outskirts of Moscow (1941) conveys emptiness and anxiety. This is how Alexander sees the city of Deineka. And at the same time, the image of the capital impregnable for the enemy is given. It's expressedfirst of all, by the set gouges, the extinguished fires in the windows and the rapid speed of the leaving military truck. The houses became unsettlingly silent. They are covered in snow. But the enemy will not pass. This will not be allowed by the defenders of the capital, who are invisibly present here.
After the fracture
After 1943, there is a completely different mood in the paintings of the painter. Artist Alexander Deineka creates an epic about the defense of Sevastopol.
This is a grandiose work that conveys the full strength of the people, beating the invaders with power and pressure, which is simply impossible to resist. The dynamics of the battle is conveyed in such a way that it is difficult to retell it in words. Later there will be a watercolor “Berlin. The Day of the Signing of the Declaration” (1945), which reflects the feelings that have taken possession of the whole country.
After the war
Deineka Alexander Alexandrovich again turns to the images associated with sports. People should be beautiful, like ancient gods. Here again there is no place for laxity and laziness. His self-portrait at morning exercises is very good. The artist not only declares that everything in a person should be perfect, but he himself follows these principles.
New people should create a new world, the artist claims with his works. The Young Constructor, created in 1966, shows this person, a young girl in whom the outer and the inner are inseparably.
Deineka Alexander Alexandrovich painted pictures not with a brush, but with a smart heart. His work was highly appreciated by the government of the country. Folkartist of the USSR was awarded two Orders of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, and had the high title of Hero of Socialist Labor.
The artist's works are in demand even today. One of his works was sold in London for about three and a half million dollars. The artist died in 1969 and was buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy Cemetery.
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