Fradkin Mark - folk composer

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

Fradkin Mark Grigoryevich (1914-1990) went through a difficult life, especially in childhood and adolescence. But he became a famous and beloved composer, with whom the best performers of the country considered it an honor to work - M. Magomayev, L. Zykina and many others.

Childhood

Fradkin Mark was born into a family of two Jewish doctors in Vitebsk. During the Civil War they moved to Kursk. Mark was not even seven years old when his father, Grigory Fradkin, was shot by the White Guards. Then it was enough just to suspect a person in connection with the Reds, and special evidence was not required. After that, taking her little son, Evgenia Mironovna returned to Vitebsk. There she died during its occupation by the Germans during the war years, like almost all Jews.

And before the war, she raises her son, who is fond of exact sciences and enters the polytechnic, and then starts working as an engineer at a garment factory. And in the factory club Fradkin Mark participates in a theater group. And two years later, engineering activities are forgotten. Mark is accepted into the theater troupe.

Leningrad and Minsk

In 1934, Fradkin entered the Leningradtheater institute and suddenly begins to compose music and songs for student productions. After graduation, he works at the Minsk Theater for Young Spectators.

But he is beginning to be drawn to music very strongly. Therefore, while working in the theater, in 1938-1939 he studied at the Belarusian Conservatory, studying composition. But in one year, of course, he did not have time to learn everything. It’s just that all his later life he creatively worked on himself, constantly changing, did not stand still, so his songs were always in tune with the time or, moreover, became truly popular, like, for example, “The Volga Flows.”

War

In 1939 Mark Fradkin was drafted into the army. The command of the rifle regiment in which he served instructs him to organize an amateur ensemble. And from 1941 to 1943, his work will be associated with the leadership of the ensemble of the Kyiv military district, performances at the forefront with concerts. The first song, written in 1941, when he met the poet E. Dolmatovsky, was called "The Song of the Dnieper". Then our troops left Ukraine. But such a deep faith in victory sounded in the song that when Marshal Timoshenko heard it, he took off the Order of the Red Star and handed it to the composer. Fradkin Mark and Dolmatovsky wrote several more songs about the war. Their songs, performed by L. Utyosov, became especially famous - “Random W altz” and “Bryansk Street”.

Moscow

In 1944, Fradkin moved to Moscow. He is accepted into the Union of Composers. And, fortunately, no one pays attention to the incompletecomposer's musical education. The main thing is that each new song becomes an event. The children of Mark Fradkin are, of course, his songs. He is always looking for new solutions. Sometimes he even writes poetry for his songs. For example, a song that begins with the words "The blizzard swept the sills, powdered." He had a flair for which poets he needed to work with. M. Matusovsky became famous from the very first song “I returned to my homeland”. And Fradkin wrote the music for it.

Songwriter M. Plyatskovsky created with Mark Grigorievich his most significant songs - “I'll take you to the tundra”, “Morse code”, “Red Horse”. And how they loved the song to the words of N. Rylenkov “A girl walks across the field”! These are the songs Mark Fradkin wrote without having a musical education! His melodies flow straight into the soul.

Some difficulties

Creating songs, he used unexpected melodic moves, but he did not remember how some instruments were called correctly. He could point to the bassoon and say let that red trumpet play. And the recording of the claviers! This is a particular difficulty. One of the music editors, after sitting all day with Mark Grigoryevich's new manuscript, left the editorial office and met him with his wife, Raisa Markovna.

The editor began to tell what difficulties he faced, entered into all the musical subtleties and nuances. Fradkin listened and grew gloomy before his eyes. The situation was saved by the most delicate wife of the composer, whom everyone loved and respected. She simply said: “But why are you so serious? You know how much Mark trusts you. That's whydo what you think is right.”

In general, there was a loving and respectful attitude towards Raisa Markovna in musical circles, so high that one day at the author's concert of Fradkin I. Kobzon in the Rossiya hall before the performance of "Tender Song" announced that he dedicated it to Raisa Markovna. Then I. Kobzon had troubles. The event is purely official, and personal preferences were considered inappropriate here.

At home

Tatyana Tarasova met her future husband, pianist Vladimir Krainev, in Fradkin's hospitable house. On the walls was a collection of Russian Wanderers.

Raisa Markovna was dressed in the best fur coats, wore diamonds. Their daughter Zhenya was Tatyana's friend. Both Mark Grigoryevich and Raisa Markovna always received Tatyana warmly. And Vladimir Krainev, already a very famous and talented winner of the Tchaikovsky Competition, was called Vova in this house. This young couple was deliberately introduced, feeling that they were made for each other. Raisa and Mark always celebrated their wedding day on December 25, which coincided with their wife's birthday. Numerous guests always came to them. They, of course, sat down to the instrument and sang. Evgenia Markovna Fradkina would then marry Oleg Iosifovich Mayzenberg, a Soviet pianist who would then move to Austria (1981).

More than fifty films feature music by Mark Fradkin. His songs are well known to many, as they say. They become popular: "And the years fly", or "Farewell, pigeons", or“Volunteer Komsomol members”, you can’t list everything. For 75 years of his life, the People's Artist of the USSR created quite a few of them.

Mark Fradkin was buried with his wife, who survived him by one year, at the Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow. The biography of Mark Fradkin in our presentation ends.