Writer Fedin Konstantin Alexandrovich

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

Writer Fedin Konstantin Alexandrovich was born in Saratov in 1892. He was also a journalist, special correspondent. He worked in the Writers' Union as first secretary, and later as chairman of the board. He was elected a member of the USSR Academy of Sciences and received the title of Hero of Socialist Labor. More information about the biography of Konstantin Fedin is available below.

Young years

Konstantin Fedin, whose photo is presented in the article, grew up in the family of the owner of a store that sold stationery. The writer's path attracted him from childhood. Not wanting to become a merchant (which his father insisted on), he ran away from home twice. But in 1911 he became a student at a commercial institute in Moscow.

In 1913 Fedin's satirical stories were first published. At the end of the third year, he leaves for Germany, where he studies German. To earn money, he plays the violin. There he finds the war. Until 1918, Konstantin lives in Germany, being a civilian prisoner, performs on the stage.

Return

In the autumn of 1918 he returned to Moscow, where he served in the People's Commissariat for Education. In 1919, he was secretary of the city executive committee in the city of Syzran, editor of the Otkliky magazine and the Syzran Kommunar newspaper. In the autumn of the same year, Konstantin Fedin was sent to Petrograd, to the political department of the cavalry division. He joined the RCP (b) and was published in Petrogradskaya Pravda. In 1921, in the spring, he became a member of the Serapion Brothers community, and then became a member of the editorial board of the Book of Revolution magazine.

This year, Fedin left the party, motivating this step by the need to devote himself completely to writing. From 1921 to 1929, he worked in various editorial offices and publishing houses as a secretary, executive secretary, member and chairman of the board. He also wrote short stories and novels. For the story "Garden" in Petrograd, he was awarded the first prize as part of the "House of Writers" competition.

Best novels

During this period, he wrote two of his most highly acclaimed novels. These include "Cities and Years", as well as "Brothers". The first of them reflects the writer's impressions of life in Germany during the First World War and the experience that he gained in civilian life. The second novel tells about Russia during the years of the revolution.

Both works tell about the fate of the intelligentsia in the revolution. They were received with enthusiasm by readers both in Russia and abroad. They have been translated into Polish, German, French, Czech, Spanish.

Illness and recovery

In 1931Konstantin Fedin fell ill with severe tuberculosis and until the winter of 1932 was treated in Switzerland and Germany. Until 1937 he lived in Leningrad, after which he moved to Moscow. In 1935, his novel The Abduction of Europe was published. It was the first political novel in Soviet literature.

It was followed in 1940 by the "Sanatorium Arcturus", based on the impressions of a stay in a tuberculosis sanatorium in Davos. This novel shows the recovery of the hero, who is a Soviet subject. It takes place against the backdrop of the Western economic crisis and the coming of the Nazis to power, which, according to the author's intention, should symbolize the advantage of the Soviet system.

Subsequent works

From the autumn of 1941 to the beginning of 1943, Konstantin Fedin lived with his family in the city of Chistopol in evacuation. In 1945-46. he was a special correspondent for Izvestia at the Nuremberg Trials.

During the war years, he wrote essays containing impressions received on trips to the front-line regions liberated from German occupation. Then he wrote a book of memoirs called "Bitter among us." It is dedicated to the literary life in Petrograd in the 1920s, to the literary association "Serapion Brothers". As well as the role that Maxim Gorky had a chance to play in the fate of some young writers.

This work has been repeatedly subjected to the harshest official criticism. The writer was charged with a distorted image of the image of A. M. Gorky. The book was published without abbreviations only in 1967

Recent years

In 1947-1955. Konstantin Fedin led the prose section at the Moscow branch of the Writers' Union. And from 1955 to 1959 he was the chairman of the board. In 1959-71. he is already the first secretary, and in 1971-77. - Chairman of the Board of the Union of Writers of the USSR. In 1958, he was elected an academician to the USSR Academy of Sciences in the Department of Language and Literature.

The first wife of Konstantin Alexandrovich was Fedina Dora Sergeevna, whose years of life were 1895-1953. She worked at the private publishing house Grzhebin as a typist. In this marriage, a daughter, Nina, was born, who became an actress.

Mikhailova Olga Viktorovna (1905-1992) - that was the name of the second, civil wife of the writer.

Fedin Konstantin Alexandrovich died in 1977. He was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow.

Post-Soviet criticism

In the years preceding the Great Patriotic War, Fedin showed an active public position. Many times he acted as a defender of the writer's right to enjoy freedom in his work. He also defended the traditions inherent in great Russian literature.

But in the post-war period, in accordance with the high posts he occupies, he takes an increasingly moderate position regarding the most critical moments that arise in the literary life of the USSR. He began to fully approve the line of the party and government

Fedin did not defend Pasternak, with whom he had been friends for twenty years before the persecution of the latter. He was absent from the funeral of Boris Leonidovich, whichwas explained by the serious illness of the “head of Soviet literature.”

And also Konstantin Alexandrovich was an opponent of the publication of the novel "Cancer Ward" by Solzhenitsyn. At the same time, he previously approved the publication of One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich in the Novy Mir magazine. He also signed a letter about Sakharov and Solzhenitsyn, written in 1973 and sent to the Pravda newspaper.