Konstantin Vorobyov, writer. The best books of Konstantin Vorobyov

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

One of the brightest representatives of the "lieutenant's" prose, Vorobyov Konstantin Dmitrievich was born in the blessed "nightingale" Kursk region, in a distant village called Nizhny Reutets, in the Medvedinsky district. The very nature there is conducive to singing or composing songs, the very soul of the Kursk land gives rise in its grateful inhabitants to the desire to master the word and capture this beauty.

Childhood

The family was peasant and, like many in those parts, had many children - a brother and five sisters grew up next to the future famous writer. In September 1919, he was born to truly love in Russian with all his heart, rejoice with all his heart, fight fiercely, fight cruelly and, of course, suffer inescapably. Many of the generation of Constantine had to take a sip of grief, but only a few experienced such quantity and such depth of suffering.

Such a fate

It's good that initially no one knows their fate… Konstantin Vorobyov, the writer, didn't expect anything from what happened either. At first, his biography is no different from the rest: he graduated from a seven-year school in the village, then courses - he studied as a projectionist. But in August of the thirty-fifth he suddenly got a job in a regional newspaper. His first poems and first essays were published there. He always lacked education - this is how Vorobyov the writer felt. Therefore, in the thirty-seventh, he moved to Moscow, where he finished his studies in high school and became the executive secretary of the factory newspaper. Two years before the war he served in the army and there he wrote essays for the army newspaper. Already in his first works, it is clearly felt that Konstantin Vorobyov is a highly gifted and courageous writer, endowed with real civic courage, at the same time deeply feeling and empathizing with someone else's grief and pain.

Moscow and the Military Academy

Demobilized, Konstantin Vorobyov, a writer, already worked in the newspaper of the Moscow Military Academy. It was the Frunze Military Academy that sent him to study at the Higher Infantry School. He was supposed to, like the rest of the cadets, guard the Kremlin, but November 1941 no longer found him in Moscow - the whole company of the Kremlin cadets went to the front in October. And in December Vorobyov Konstantin Dmitrievich, severely shell-shocked, was captured by the Nazis.

Concentration camp in Lithuania

Konstantin Vorobyov himself wrote about the conditions of life in captivity. The photo shown here is not so brightillustrate this life. Moreover, he had more than one concentration camp. He escaped several times and was killed when caught. But Konstantin Vorobyov - an immortal writer, and a tenacious person - survived. As soon as the wounds closed, he ran again. Finally it worked. Joined a partisan detachment. Became an underground. He wrote the story of the atrocities in the concentration camps at the same time, hiding in safe houses. He called it "The Road to the Father's House." The name of this sounded the main dream of his whole life. But the first publication, which took place only forty years later, in 1986, the magazine "Our Contemporary" christened it differently - more capaciously and whole: "This is us, Lord!" As you read, through all the inhumanity of war and captivity, which is not covered by anything on the pages of this book, with a meat grinder of destinies and characters, where every letter bleeds, the reader suddenly grows and gains wings an indestructible sense of pride for his country, for his army, for his people. Konstantin Vorobyov is a real writer. They re-read it, even if they love only the positive. They just feel - it’s necessary, THIS should not be forgotten.

Vorobiev's stories

After the liberation of Lithuania, Konstantin Vorobyov, a writer still almost unknown to anyone, did not return home to the Kursk region. Apparently, the land of Lithuania, for which he shed blood, stopped him. In the same place, in 1956, his “Snowdrop” grew up - a collection of short stories, after which Konstantin Vorobyov was already a professional writer. This book was not the last, fortunately. Almost immediately after that, the collection "Gray Poplar" was published, then "Geese-swans” and “Whom Angels Settle”, as well as many others. For lyrical heroes, the fate was usually as difficult as for the author. Terrible trials hardened the soul so much that the simplest people found themselves in the conditions of a heroic take-off and - took off! The author, despite unbearable circumstances full of mental pain, was able to cure the reader's soul with an indispensable catharsis - every time!

Tales of war and peace

The sensational story "The Scream", the famous "Killed near Moscow", as well as the legend about the pre-war rural life "Alexey, son of Alexei" - these are the stories that brought real fame. They were conceived by Konstantin Vorobyov, a front-line writer, as a trilogy, but it happened differently. Each story lives its own life and is evidence of the greatness of the human (Soviet!) character, which manifests itself even in the most unbearable realities of life. A number of post-war stories about rural life, despite the label of "sentimental naturalism", are still loved and read to this day. And how can you not read the stories “My friend Momich”, or “How much in Rocket joy”, or “Here came a giant”? And how can you not read all the rest? Even after escaping from the concentration camps, the writer Vorobyov's troubles did not end until the end of his life. Such a fate.

Manuscripts are not reviewed or returned. Hooray

Vorobiev Konstantin Dmitrievich wrote about thirty stories, ten long stories, many essays. And it always worked outto publish the best, the most cherished, not just late and with hard bills… The most terrible evidence of fascist atrocities in concentration camps is not even a photo or film. These are letters. Dry like numbers. Murderous, because the truth is about people and nonhumans. In 1946, Vorobyov offered this autobiographical story to the Novy Mir magazine, but they refused to publish it. Years passed. Less and less papers with bleeding letters remained. After the death of the writer, this story was not found anywhere in its entirety. Even in his personal archive. And only in 1986, the manuscript, accidentally betrayed by everyone forty years ago, was found in the TsGALI (archive of literature and art of the USSR), where all the archival documentation of the Novy Mir was acquired. The story was immediately published by the magazine "Our Contemporary" (the editor-in-chief at that time was S. V. Vikulov), and the people were shocked by what they learned, although it would seem that what new humanity can learn about fascist atrocities?.. Strength is not in the description of atrocities, as the writer Vorobyov would say, but in the fact that under no circumstances should one lose his human appearance, even under such. “This is me, Lord,” the author managed to say much earlier than the publication of the autobiographical “This is us, Lord!” took place. As already mentioned, the story ended in 1943, published in 1986, posthumously. Another - "My friend Momich" - was written in 1965, was published only in 1988. The same thing happened with the stories "One Breath", "Ermak" and many other works. Almost on time, only one of those chronicles of the war came out that Konstantin Vorobyov wrote with the blood of his soul - “Killed underMoscow". The story was published in 1963. And this is also the New World. But the editor-in-chief is different - Alexander Trifonovich Tvardovsky.

Konstantin Vorobyov, "Killed near Moscow"

It became the author's first story in the category of "lieutenant's prose". The description of the battles near Moscow in 1941, in which Vorobyov himself was a participant, breathes that front-line reality that seems incredible even to witnesses. Near Volokolamsk, Kremlin cadets are at a combat post - a training company led by Captain Ryumin. Two hundred and forty young cadets. All of the same height - one hundred and eighty-three centimeters. In peacetime, they also have to walk as a guard of honor on Red Square. And here - rifles, grenades, bottles of gasoline. And fascist tanks. And mortar shelling around the clock. The comrades of the protagonist (known from the story "The Scream"), Lieutenant Alexei Yastrebov, are dying. Politician dies. The dead are buried. The wounded are sent to the village. The Germans are advancing, the company is surrounded. A heroic decision was made - to attack the village occupied by the Germans. The fight starts at night. An incomplete company destroyed almost a battalion of enemy submachine gunners. Alexei also killed the fascist with a point-blank shot. During the day, the remnants of the company tried to hide in the forest, but a reconnaissance aircraft with a swastika on the wing found them. And the slaughter began. After the bombers, tanks entered this forest, and under their cover - the German infantry. Rota is dead. Alexei and one of his fellow cadets escaped. After waiting out the danger, they began to get out of the encirclement to their own and found Captain Ryumin and three more cadets. Overnight inhaystacks. They watched how the Messerschmitts killed the hawks, using their numerical advantage. After that, Ryumin shot himself. While they were digging the commander's grave, they waited for German tanks. Aleksei remained in the half-dug grave, while the cadets hid back in the hay. And they died. Aleksey set fire to the tank, but this tank managed to fill up Aleksey with grave earth before it burned down. The main character managed to get out of the grave. He took all four rifles and staggered to the front line. What was he thinking? About everything at once. About what happened in those five days. Through the great grief from the loss of comrades, through hunger, through inhuman fatigue, a childish resentment shone: “How is it - no one saw how I burned a German tank!..” In 1984, according to this story (and partly there were episodes from the story “Scream"), the film "Exam for Immortality" directed by Alexei S altykov was filmed, which we watched publicly and more than once. When the song about Seryozhka and Malaya Bronnaya sounds, many women cry, and at other moments of the film, too.

Eternal memory

The stories and some fragments from the stories have been translated into German, Bulgarian, Polish, Latvian. The story “Nastya”, an excerpt from the story “This is us, Lord!” are translated. into Lithuanian; collections of the writer's stories were also published in Lithuanian.

Konstantin Dmitrievich Vorobyov died on March 2, 1975 in Vilnius. Mankind honors the memory of the veteran writer. A memorial plaque was installed on his house in Vilnius, in 1995 the writer was awarded the ReverendSergius of Radonezh, in 2001 - the Alexander Solzhenitsyn Prize, a monument to the writer was opened in Kursk, secondary school No. 35 bears the name of K. D. Vorobyov, in Kursk a street is named after him, and in the small homeland of the writer, in the village of Nizhny Reutets, a museum.