People's Artists of the USSR. People's Artists of the USSR, now living

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

Created from tombac, covered with gold quadrangular breastplate "People's Artist of the USSR" was awarded to outstanding artists. In 1936, the title was first awarded to 14 artists. Until 1991, it was considered one of the main awards for creative activity and served as official proof of people's love.

Honorary title

Since 1919, the most talented cultural workers have been awarded the title "People's Artist of the Republic". Among the first to receive it were singers L. V. Sobinov, F. I. Chaliapin and composer A. K. Glazunov. In order for an artist to become "popular", he had to make a special contribution to the following areas: music, cinema, theater, television, circus, broadcasting. The title was approved by the Central Executive Committee. The regulations for this honorary title contained the following items:

1. It is awarded to representatives of the arts, whose activities represent a valuable contribution to the development of culture.
2. The list of awardees is approved by the Ministry of Culture of the USSR, the State Committee forcinematography, television and radio broadcasting, the Board of the Union of Cinematographers, as well as the Union of Composers.
3. Approved People's Artists of the USSR receive a badge, diploma and certificate.
4. The distinctive symbol must be worn on the right side of the chest.

In total, this honorary title was awarded to 1010 people between 1936 and 1991.

Features of the award

The appropriation system caused a lot of questions. For example, why didn't Leonid Kuravlev, Andrei Mironov, composer Sergei Prokofiev receive the title? Many people's artists of the USSR were awarded the title only in old age. For example, Ivan Ivanov-Vano, Stanislav Lyudkevich. Some well-known figures could not live to see the day of the title (Rina Zelenaya, Mark Bernes). The youngest women who received the title of "People's Artist of the USSR" were the singers Halima Nasyrova and Kulyash Baiseitova. They were 24 years old. The youngest male title holder was Muslim Magomayev. He was 31 at the time of the award.

List of People's Artists of the USSR of the 30s

During this period, fourteen people received the award. Among them were directors P. K. Saksagansky and A. A. Vasadze, actors E. P. Korchagina-Aleksandrovskaya and A. A. Khorava, singers M. I. Litvinenko-Wolgemut and K. Zh. Baiseitova. The first People's Artist of the USSR - director K. S. Stanislavsky. Together with him were awarded V. I. Nemirovich-Danchenko, actor I. M. Moskvin, singer A. V. Nezhdanova.

In 1936 V. I. Kachalov became a People's Artist. He was oneof the leading actors in the Moscow Art Theater, played 55 roles. In honor of Vasily Ivanovich, the Kazan Drama Theater was named. The actor was awarded the Stalin Prize of the first degree, he had orders and medals.

In 1937, the honorary title was given to the actress Alla Konstantinovna Tarasova. She was awarded five Stalin Prizes, three Orders of Lenin, and medals for her work. Alla Konstantinovna until the end of her days was active, played in performances, taught acting. Since 1951, she was the director of the Moscow Art Theater, later she joined the Council of Elders of the theater. In the period from 1952 to 1960 she was a deputy of the USSR Supreme Council of 3-5 convocations.

Konstantin Sergeyevich Stanislavsky

The director was born in 1863 in Moscow. Konstantin Sergeevich was a talented actor and teacher. He created the famous system that is still in use today. In 1898, K. S. Stanislavsky, together with V. I. Nemirovich-Danchenko, founded the Moscow Art Theater. During his life, the actor received the title "People's Artist of the USSR", honorary orders. Konstantin Sergeevich Stanislavsky was an academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences and later of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

The period from 1940 to 1949

Folk artists at that time were such famous personalities as conductor A. M. Pazovsky, actress E. D. Turchaninova, singer Z. M. Gaidai, director M. I. Tsarev and many others. The last of them in 1942 became an honored artist of the RSFSR, in 1949 - a people's artist. Since 1973, M. I. Tsarev has been a Hero of Socialist Labor. He was also awarded the Stalin Prize of the second degree, the State Prize of the USSR (in 1969), and in 1977 - the Prize of the RSFSR named after K. S. Stanislavsky. The great director and talented actor had many honorary orders.

In 1945, only one artist received the title of People's Artist - Abrar Khidoyatov. The actor managed to show different images of Russian, Uzbek and European people. It was a dramatic artist who was excellent at the art of monologue. The State Drama Theater in Tashkent is named after the talented actor.

People's Artists of the 50s of the XX century

During this period, 138 people received the title of "People's Artist of the USSR". Among them is Lyubov Petrovna Orlova, who was awarded it in 1950. The talented actress acted in films, played in the theater, sang beautifully. She was twice awarded the Stalin Prize of the first degree, for her courage and dedication she was awarded a number of medals. L. P. Orlova is the winner of the prize for best actress at the VIII International Film Festival in Venice for her performance in the film "Spring", as well as the Peace Prize for the film "Meeting on the Elbe". The actress was awarded the Certificate of Honor of the Soviet Peace Committee.

In 1959, the leading actress of the Alma-Ata Russian Drama Theater named after M. Yu. Lermontov, Valentina Borisovna Kharlamova, received the title of people's award. She brought to life 130 images. During the hostilities, together with the troupe, she performed in hospitals and in combat units. Valentina Borisovna was awarded orders, medals, certificates.

Laureates of the 60s

During this period, 185 people were nominated for the award. The director and teacher N. P. Akimov became a people's artist in 1960. Together with him, the actors V. A. Orlov, A. O. Stepanova, N. A. Annenkov were awarded. The following year, the list of people's artists was replenished with the names of Faina Ranevskaya, Svyatoslav Richter, Tatyana Ustinova, Boris Pokrovsky and others. In 1969, 25 artists received the title. Among them were choreographer Rostislav Zakharov, actress Viya Artmane, ballerina Nina Timofeeva, clowns Mikhail Rumyantsev and Oleg Popov and many other talented artists.

The jokes of the wonderful actress Faina Georgievna Ranevskaya are still relevant. She played a large number of roles in the Mossovet Theater. The actress was a Honored Artist of the USSR, was awarded honorary orders more than once, she was awarded the Stalin Prize several times. The English Encyclopedia "Who's Who" included F. G. Ranevskaya in the top ten outstanding actresses of the XX century.

A widely known actor of the 60s was Arkady Isaakovich Raikin. The artist was distinguished by his unique humor and the ability to instantly transform into any image. In the early 40s, Arkady Isaakovich became the artistic director of the Leningrad Variety and Miniature Theater. In the post-war period, the actor starred in several films and created various theatrical programs. In 1982, the troupe of the Leningrad Theater, together with its leader, moved to Moscow and was soon renamed Satyricon. Arkady Isaakovich received manyawards. So, in 1939, he became the winner of the First All-Union Competition of Variety Artists.

Laureates between 1970 and 1979

At this time, 239 gifted individuals were awarded the title. Among them are composer A. G. Novikov, choreographer Yu. Y. Lingis, actor K. K. Ird. In 1979, the title was awarded to 25 artists. Conductors Ya. A. Voshchak, L. N. Venediktov, circus performer V. A. Volzhansky, actors P. P. Kadochnikov, Yu. V. Nikulin, S. N. Plotnikov and others received it.

In 1973, the honorary title was given to singer Muslim Magometovich Magomayev. His first performance took place in Baku, and in 1962 he became a laureate of the World Festival of Youth and Students, which was held in Helsinki. A year later, his first solo concert took place at the Tchaikovsky Concert Hall. At the age of 31, Muslim Magomayev received the title of "People's Artist of the USSR". Talented, bright, with extraordinary charisma, the singer conquered the entire Union. Until now, his fans gather at the evenings in memory of Muslim Magomayev.

A talented actor, People's Artist of the USSR Oleg Nikolaevich Efremov was awarded the title in 1976. He was one of the founders of the Union of Theater Workers of the USSR, as well as the Sovremennik Theater, in which he was artistic director. In addition to his acting career, O. N. Efremov was a talented director of many performances. He was awarded the State Prizes of the USSR, later - the State Prizes of the Russian Federation. Oleg Nikolaevich received the Golden Mask award, he is the winner of the Person of the Year awardRussian Biographical Institute.

1980s

During this period, 324 representatives of creative professions were awarded. These were actors, directors, circus performers, composers, singers, ballerinas, conductors. Among them is the well-known Armen Borisovich Dzhigarkhanyan, who, for 250 images played in films, got into the Guinness Book of Records. In 1989, Natalya Yurievna Durova received the honorary title. The artist from an early age worked in the circus, did not stop her activities even in wartime. She has written a number of books for adults and children. Her contribution was highly appreciated even abroad. So, the GDR awarded N. Yu. Durova the title of master of training sea animals.

Final Awards Period

In 1990, 29 people became "folk", and a year later - 32 talented figures of culture and art. L. V. Durov, V. T. Spivakov, M. M. Zapashny, Z. E. Gerdt, G. M. Vitsin and many other artists were awarded this title. The last People's Artist of the USSR is the actor O. I. Yankovsky (in December 1991). He played in a large number of films, brought to life many images in the Lenkom Theater and in the Drama Theater of the city of Saratov. The last People's Artist of the USSR acted as a director in the film "Come see me", which he created together with M. L. Agranovich. The actor has repeatedly received the award for best male role at various film festivals.

Together with Oleg Yankovsky in 1991, the title of "People's Artist of the USSR" was given to actress S. S. Pilyavskaya. She served in several theaters (MKhATUSSR named after M. Gorky and the Moscow Art Theater named after A. P. Chekhov), and also acted in films. S. S. Pilyavskaya in the RSFSR became an honored artist, she was awarded the Stalin Prize of the second degree, orders.

People's Artists of the USSR, now living

To our joy, many talented artists are still alive. For example, four people's artists live in Azerbaijan: pianist Farhad Shamsi-oglu Badalbeyli, singer Fidan Ekrem-kyzy Kasimova, composer Arif Jangir-oglu Melikov, singer Zeynab Yahya-kyzy Khanlarova. In Armenia - actress V. K. Varderesyan, composer K. A. Orbelyan, conductor O. A. Chekidzhyan. People's Artists of the USSR also live in Belarus. These are choreographer V. N. Elizariev, composer I. M. Luchenok and others. Nine famous people live in Georgia: M. P. Amiranashvili, N. G. Bregvadze, L. A. Isakadze, G. A. Kancheli, R. R. Sturua and others.

How many people's artists of the USSR live in Russia now? These are talented Soviet actors V. S. Lanovoy, E. A. Bystritskaya, L. K. Durov, O. P. Tabakov, I. M. Churikova, circus artists M. M. Zapashny, O. K. Popov, conductor V T. Spivakov, singer A. B. Pugacheva and others. People's Artists of the USSR living in Ukraine today are the conductor A. T. Avdievsky, the singer D. M. Gnatiuk, the singer S. M. Rotaru, the actress A. N. Rogovtseva, the ballerina T. A. Tayakina and others. Also, favorite artists live in Latvia, Lithuania, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan and other countries of the former USSR.

In conclusion

People's Artists of the USSR, now living or already gone, remain in the hearts for a long timefans. It is always an honor to be a “folk”; almost all artists aspired to this title. This title gave its owner many benefits. For example, a significant increase in salary and pension, the opportunity to expand your living space and get a state dacha, big discounts on utility bills and, of course, improved conditions during concerts. It was also believed that the title confirms the people's love for the artist. But there were actors and singers who did not receive any awards and were recognized and appreciated by ordinary people no less titled. For example, Vladimir Vysotsky, Andrey Mironov, Oleg Dal. People's artists of the USSR cinema, music, theater and other creative fields have always been held in high esteem, they were invited to festivals, meetings, concerts. Talented people had many fans throughout the USSR and beyond.