The theme of the Motherland in the work of Tsvetaeva. Poems about the Motherland of Marina Tsvetaeva

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

To whom, what does the poet dedicate his creations to? Beloved or beloved, friends, parents, childhood and youth, events from the past, teachers, the universe … And it is difficult to find a poet who would completely bypass the Motherland in his work. Love and hatred for her, experiences, thoughts, observations are reflected in the poems. The theme of the Motherland is also developed in the work of Tsvetaeva. Let's look at her originality in the poems of the Silver Age poetess.

Leitmotif

Marina Tsvetaeva, who spent a considerable part of her life in exile, is rightfully considered a Russian poetess. And this is no accident. Many researchers confirm that the work of this witness to the terrible turning points in Russian history is a chronicle not only of love, but also of the Motherland at the beginning of the 20th century.

We can definitely say that Marina Tsvetaeva loves Russia. She passes through herself all the disturbing, ambiguous events, analyzes them in her work, tries to develop a clear attitude towards them. Including delving into a long history ("Stenka Razin").

Alive in her work and the theme of the White Guard. Marina Ivanovna did not accept the revolution, she was horrified by the Civil War.

Russia

Talking about the theme of the Motherland in the work of Tsvetaeva, we note that in her works there is a strong feminine principle. For her, Russia is a woman, proud and strong. But always a sacrifice. Tsvetaeva herself, even in exile, was always part of a great country, she was her singer.

Biographers admire the independence, strong and proud spirit of Marina Tsvetaeva. And her steadfastness and courage were drawn precisely from her ardent and enduring love for the Fatherland. Therefore, the theme of the Motherland in Tsvetaeva's poetry is rightfully considered one of the leading ones.

It's amazing how emotionally strong works about the motherland the poetess has! Nostalgic, tragic, hopeless and painfully dreary. But, for example, "Poems about the Czech Republic" is her declaration of love for Russia, its people.

Childhood

The brightest, joyful notes in Tsvetaeva's poems about the Motherland appear when she writes about her childhood spent in Tarusa on the Oka. The poetess with tender sadness returns there in her work - to Russia of the past century, which cannot be returned.

Here, Tsvetaeva's Russia is boundless open spaces, amazing beauty of nature, a sense of security, freedom, flight. Holy land with a courageous and strong people.

Emigration

It must be said that the reason for Tsvetaeva's emigration was not her ideological considerations. Departure servedcircumstances - she followed her husband, a white officer. From the biography of the poetess it is known that she lived in Paris for 14 years. But the sparkling city of dreams did not captivate her heart - and in exile the theme of the Motherland is alive in the work of Tsvetaeva: "I am alone here … And Rostand's verse is crying in my heart, as it is in abandoned Moscow."

At the age of 17, she wrote her first poem about Paris. Bright and joyful, he seemed to her dreary, big and depraved. "In big and joyful Paris I dream of grasses, clouds…"

Keeping the image of the dear Motherland in her heart, she always secretly hoped for a return. Tsvetaeva never harbored a grudge against Russia, where her work, a truly Russian poetess, was not accepted, is unknown. If we analyze all her works in exile, we will see that the Fatherland is Tsvetaeva's fatal and inevitable pain, but one that she resigned to.

Return. Moscow

In 1939, Tsvetaeva returned to Stalin's Moscow. As she herself writes, she was driven by the desire to give her son a Motherland. I must say that from birth she tried to instill in Georgy a love for Russia, to convey to him a piece of this strong, bright feeling of hers. Marina Ivanovna was sure that a Russian person could not be happy away from the Motherland, so she wanted her son to love and accept such an ambiguous Fatherland. But is she happy to be back?

The theme of the Motherland in the works of Tsvetaeva of this period is the most acute. Returning to Moscow, she did not return to Russia. In the courtyard of a strange Stalinist era with denunciations,boarded up shutters, general fear and suspicion. Marina Tsvetaeva is hard, stuffy in Moscow. In her work, she seeks to escape from here to the bright past. But at the same time, the poetess extols the spirit of her people, who went through terrible trials and did not break. And she feels herself a part of it.

Tsvetaeva loves the capital of the past: "Moscow! What a huge hospice!" Here she sees the city as the heart of a great power, the repository of its spiritual values. She believes that Moscow will spiritually cleanse any wanderer and sinner. “Where I will be happy even when I am dead,” Tsvetaeva says about the capital. Moscow causes a sacred awe in her heart, for the poetess it is an eternally young city, which she loves like a sister, a faithful friend.

But we can say that it was the return to Moscow that ruined Marina Tsvetaeva. She could not accept reality, disappointments plunged her into a severe depression. And then - deep loneliness, misunderstanding. Having lived for two years in her homeland after the long-awaited return, she voluntarily passed away. "I couldn't stand it" - as the poetess herself wrote in her suicide note.

Tsvetaeva's poems about Motherland

Let's see what her glorious works M. Tsvetaeva dedicated to Russia:

• "Motherland".
• "Stenka Razin".
• "The People".
• "Wires".
• "Longing for the Motherland".
• "Country".
• "Swan camp".
• "Don".
• "Poems about the Czech Republic".
• Cycle "Poems about Moscow" and so on.

Analysis of the poem

Let's take a look at the development of the theme of Russia in one of the significant poems by Marina Tsvetaeva "Longing for the Motherland". After reading the work, we immediately determine that these are the arguments of a person who finds himself far from his beloved country. Indeed, the poem was written by Marina Ivanovna in exile.

The lyrical heroine of the work copies the poetess herself with amazing accuracy. She tries to convince herself that when a person feels bad, it doesn't matter where he lives. The unhappy will not find happiness anywhere.

Rereading the poem again, we notice the Hamlet question in the paraphrase "To be or not to be?" Tsvetaeva has her own interpretation of it. When a person lives, there is a difference where he is, and when he exists, suffering, it does not.

…it doesn't matter at all -

Where all alone

Be…"

She bitterly claims that all the feelings in her soul have burned out, it remains only to humbly bear her cross. After all, wherever a person is far from his homeland, he will find himself in a cold and endless desert. Scary key phrases: "I don't care", "I don't care".

The heroine tries to convince herself that she is indifferent to the place where her soul was born. But at the same time she says that her real home is the barracks. Tsvetaeva also touches on the theme of loneliness: she cannot find herself either among people or in the bosom of nature.

In conclusionof the story, she bitterly claims that she has nothing left. In emigration, everything is alien to her. But still:

…if there is a bush along the way

Gets up, especially the mountain ash…"

The poem ends with ellipsis. After all, the most severe longing for the Fatherland cannot be fully expressed.

The theme of the Motherland in the work of Tsvetaeva is tragic. She is suffocating away from her, but it is also hard in contemporary Russia. Light sadness, touching notes can be traced in her poems only when the poetess recalls her childhood, about past Russia, Moscow, which cannot be returned.