2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
Plato's "Apology of Socrates" may not accurately convey his speech in the Athenian court. Most likely, this most valuable document is only an artistically stylized interpretation of it. After all, the trial, which was held in Athens, was very loud, and Plato was present at it only as a student of Socrates and his close friend. Therefore, one cannot expect him to be well informed about all the events of this trial.
It is likely that the "Apology of Socrates" was written, first of all, out of a desire to rehabilitate before the descendants and before the contemporaries of the accused and executed not at all on the merits of the teacher. Moreover, Plato is not the only author who passed on to his descendants his speech at the trial. Apologies of Socrates are known, for example, Xenophon of Athens, Theon of Antioch, Diagen and other authors who portrayed the executed philosopher as a highly moral person and an outstanding thinker.
Socrates is the person who had the greatest influence on Plato's worldview, so it can be said with confidence that the whole theory of Platonism is only a development of the ideas and scientific views of his teacher, who opened a new era in the history of ancient philosophy.
The great merit of Socrates lies in the fact that he managed to move from cosmology to the problems of specific people and began to explore the human mind. At that time, this was a kind of revolution in the world of philosophy, so its hero had to become a victim, sprinkling new ideas with his blood.
"Apology of Socrates" - an analysis of his desire to find clarity in human understanding, to preserve the best, to destroy what is worse. Contemporaries were not ready to accept these ideas. Greece of that time did not yet know criticism. He caused horror, inspired fear, so the philosopher was accused of godlessness, and the Athenian court charged him with undermining state power, corrupting youth and even worshiping unknown gods.
Admired and saw in Socrates a living symbol of the new philosophy of his disciple Plato. The "Apology of Socrates" conveys to us this mood of the author, the essence of the ideas of the accused and such an image of an outstanding thinker as the writer himself knew him. In this work, he put into the mouth of Socrates a fiery and saturated with new philosophical ideas speech, consisting of three parts. The piece is very rich both artistically and logically.
Note that only the "Apology of Socrates" is a work written not in the form of a dialogue, like all other works of Plato. The artistic side of the composition is very high. It conveys to us a wonderful image of an uncompromising and reasonable person, majestically and with dignity reflecting the pitiful accusations of people who undeservedly sentence him todeath.
Despite the fact that these accusations are not in the essay itself, its logical chain is built in such a way that it is easy to understand them and conclude that they are all just general phrases. If there were concrete facts in the accusations, then the "Apology of Socrates" would contain criticism of a devastating nature, convincing the accusers of their wrongness. We see in this work only a desire to convince the public of the correctness of our ideas.
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