2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
Russian futurism appeared in literature at the beginning of the 20th century, namely in 1912. This time coincided with a favorable socio-political situation in the country for its development. As expected, critics and high society did not perceive the futurists, but the common people treated them with respect and love. Often, when the first writers of this trend recited their own works, the audience did not cause anything but the usual bewilderment.
Russian futurism in literature at the dawn of its history was significantly different from the same direction in other countries. Foreign writers were too radical and harsh. As for the Russian authors themselves, in their works there was a certain benevolence, gentleness, in some places even sincerity, and there was no clearly expressed aggression towards the authorities and the established political system. They tried to speak in a satirical way. That is why the first Russian futurists could not be called idealists of their direction, but their role in the worldliterature does not diminish.
Representatives of futurism in Russian literature owe a lot to their Italian counterparts. The fact is that various innovations in any art reached St. Petersburg with some delays. If the first examples of futurism had come to Russia a decade earlier, then this direction would simply not have existed in the country, since the absence of a crisis in culture and sociology did not imply rebellion and anarchy in poetry and prose.
In general, futurism in Russian literature was discovered by Khlebnikov. Initially, he was a symbolist, but he only managed to imitate this direction. In many ways, this happened because his principles were quite different from the generally accepted ones: they were free, unfettered by the usual poetic canons. Thanks to this thinking, he turned out to be an ideal futurist - the founder of the Russian poetic rebellion, anarchy and the denial of cultural traditions. It is impossible not to note the real genius of this literary movement - Mayakovsky. However, its late appearance was due to the fact that critics began to treat the futurists sparingly. And also, many publishing houses no longer refused the large-circulation printing of such authors, so it was much easier for him to develop his talents.
Russian futurism in literature was not limited to writing. Many poets were excellent at drawing, since avant-garde painting was closely associated with poetry, and futurist artists wrote prose andpoetry. In addition, it should be noted that this trend in art broke into everyday life. In fact, every futurist departed from the usual restrained style of dress, his image was so incomprehensible to the then bourgeoisie that it refused to soberly criticize the works. That is, figuratively speaking, poems were not perceived only because they were told by the author in yellow pants. Critics could take a mockery of any classic with relative calm, but they did not want to see a different color or cut of trousers.
It will not work to perceive Russian futurism in literature as an independent artistic style, since all the avant-garde trends in the country were called that way, even those that did not correspond to it at all. In addition, it is worth adding that over time, more adequate assessments of works began to appear. And in the end, the talent of the futurists was recognized.
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