2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
What is a troupe? It would seem that the meaning of this word is known to everyone. But sometimes, in order to explain its meaning in more detail, we need to look into various dictionaries, find out its origin. For this purpose, we will need an explanatory phraseological, modern explanatory, etymological dictionary of the Russian language, an interpreter of foreign words and, possibly, some other resources. There are many other sources from which we can learn what a troupe is. But this is if we want to delve into and deal with the origin and meaning of this word from a philological point of view. This article will focus on the theater troupe, its composition, the actors included in it.
What is a troupe?
This word refers to a permanent creative group of actors, as well as singers and musicians. In Russian, a troupe is usually a group of a separate theater or circus. The dictionary of foreign words indicates that this term comes from the French troupe or the German word truppe. And he means the personal cast of a separate theater, as well as a society of itinerant singers and actors. If we talk about the theater, then such a group is assembled by the head, the director, based on what kind of repertoire his theater has. Often in thator another theater go because of the beloved actors who make up his troupe. When you manage to create such a great team, the theater becomes especially popular, and sometimes the transfer of one famous actor from one troupe to another can reduce this popularity.
Varieties of the troupe
Let's now consider in more detail what determines the character of the theater troupe. First of all, it is determined by the type of theater. Accordingly, the troupe of the theater can be dramatic, opera, operetta, ballet. There are several other varieties of it, depending on the typical organization of the theater. There are theaters that do not have a permanent troupe, and actors are hired for a separate performance. But in most theaters it is still constant. These are stationary, repertory theaters, although such a specification is usually not used. There is also such a name as a wandering troupe. This is the name of a group of actors who constantly move around and perform in different places, since they do not have their own building. Troupes are also associated with a patron, entrepreneur, or creator, and are called by his name.
From the history of the creation of the first permanent troupe in Moscow
Empress Elizaveta Petrovna in 1756 issued a decree, after which the Russian theater was established in St. Petersburg. Soon after that, a theater at Moscow University was opened. The students themselves become its actors, and it is directed by the director of this very university, the poet and playwright M. M. Kheraskov. The existence of this theater was short-lived, but subsequently it was on its basis thatthe first permanent troupe in Moscow. It consisted of dramatic actors, singers, musicians and dancers. For the first few decades after its creation, it was led by private entrepreneurs, and only since 1806 the troupe has been transferred to the state account.
Composition of the theater troupe
The theater troupe consists of artists who are selected according to the principle of the theater repertoire, its system, other creative aspects and nuances of the theater system. Most of the well-known theatrical figures, directors, actors believe that the composition of the troupe should be a conciliar acting brotherhood, with a pronounced command community. The artists who enter it must root for the common cause, be able to transform into a new character with each new performance, each new production.
Briefly about famous theaters in Russia and their troupes
Russia is famous for its theaters, the institutions of St. Petersburg and Moscow are especially famous. In the northern capital of Russia, there are about 185 theaters with their own separate troupes. The most famous among them are the Lensoviet Theatre, the Youth Theater on the Fontanka, the Maly and Bolshoi Drama Theatres, as well as the Mikhailovsky and Mariinsky theatres. The Mariinsky Theater is rightfully considered the most popular - it is a symbol of Russian theatrical culture. On its stage you can see the true masterpieces of domestic and world opera and ballet.
Its leader is V. Gergiev. As for the troupes of the Mariinsky Theater, both opera and ballet, they are recognized as the best inthe world. The composition of the troupe of this theater is the most talented artists who have become world stars: O. Borodina, A. Netrebko, U. Lopatkina, D. Vishneva and many others. The hallmark of Russia is undoubtedly the Bolshoi Academic Theater in Moscow. This is the main theater of the country. The actors of the Bolshoi play a repertoire whose musical productions are considered world masterpieces.
The ideal troupe is…
What will famous people say? Turning to famous actors, artistic directors of theaters, theater critics with questions: "The ideal troupe - what is it? Does it really exist?", You can hear different thoughts on this matter. But for the most part, there is no clear answer to this question. The well-known Mark Zakharov, for example, believes that an ideal troupe consists of different creative individuals, who are connected by a powerful internal energy potential. The troupe should include artists of different ages: young, mature, and even those who are already in the "overripe" age.
Popular actress Yulia Rutberg is sure that ideal troupes are created in students, at courses, in cellars. Only a team can be considered as such, where people together experience one common cause, turning into a real family that even begins to breathe together. Theater critic Yuri Rybakov says that the right people should make up the theater troupe. These should be versatile actors who can play both comedy and drama. The troupe of actors should be audience-oriented and collect daily full houses.
But if you delve deeper into this issue, you agree with Mark Zakharov, who compared the question of an ideal troupe with the fact that we were talking about an ideal director, actor, theater critic or just an ideal person. There is no such clear designation and cannot be. Therefore, the troupe is undoubtedly a team of talented artists who work together, delighting and surprising the audience.
