Ivan Pyryev: biography, personal life, filmography, photo

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

Ivan Pyryev is a famous Soviet director who gave the people many heartfelt films. They are being watched now. Watch and admire. His talent is timeless.

Many people remember and know who Ivan Pyryev was. The biography, personal life of this great figure of Soviet cinema are still the subject of discussion by film critics, historians and just lovers of Soviet films.

Childhood

Born 11/4/1901. Place of birth: the village of Kamen-on-Obi (Altai Territory). Like all peasants of that time, his parents spent days on end in the fields. In addition, trying to provide the family with additional funds, the mother and father of little Vanya were engaged in loading bread onto huge barges. In 1904, his father died - he was killed in a fight. After that, the mother went to work, and left Ivan in the care of her father, Osip Komogorov. And so he lived in a large friendly Old Believer family of his grandfather until the age of 10. When Vanya finished the third grade, his mother came for him. She took him to Mariinsk, where she cohabited with the Tatar Ishmukhamet Amirov. He was engaged in fruit trading in the market, he was an aggressive personand quick-tempered, and when he drank, he rushed into a fight. Mother and son endured Amirov's antics for the time being. But once matured Vanya could not stand it. During another drunken brawl of his stepfather, he grabbed an ax and rushed at Amirov. And he turned out to be that coward and scoundrel: he ran away in disgrace and took refuge in the police station. After that, Ivan had no choice, he went "to the people."

Youth

In 1915, Ivan Pyryev, together with one of the military echelons, went to the front. He fought in the 32nd Siberian regiment, was wounded twice. For military merit, he was awarded the St. George Crosses of the 3rd and 4th degrees.

In May 1918, he fell seriously ill with typhus. But the young strong body quickly coped with the disease. And immediately after his recovery, he signed up for the Red Army and the Bolshevik Party. His desire to succeed allowed him to rise from an ordinary Red Army soldier, first to a political instructor, and then to an agitator. It was then that Pyryev began his studies at the theater studio of the Gubprofsovet. There he had a fateful meeting with Grigory Alexandrov, who largely influenced Pyryev's professional fate.

Ivan actively participated in the organization of the Ural Proletcult. In the city of Yekaterinburg, having taken the stage name Altai, for some time he was a member of a professional drama troupe. And in the summer of 1921, the Third Studio of the Moscow Art Theater toured in Yekaterinburg. Grigory Alexandrov and Ivan Pyryev were so delighted and amazed by their activities that they soon decided to go to Moscow.

Conquest of Moscow

First in the capitalWorks as an actor were roles in Sergei Eisenstein's play "Mexican". And in the cinema, he first appeared as a clown in the short film Glumov's Diary. Then Pyryev worked for Vsevolod Meyerhold. Many people remember his green wig when he played the role of Bulanov in The Forest. Along the way, the future director Ivan Pyryev manages several amateur circles, in which he staged agitation and oratorios on topical, topical topics of that time.

In 1923 he successfully graduated from GEKTEMAS as a student of the acting department. And he studied directing for some time. Finally, he got into the world of cinema, which he so aspired to. At first, Pyryev worked as an assistant director. Professionalism and talent showed up almost immediately and they started talking about him as the “king of assistants”. On the sidelines of the pavilions, it was whispered that, having Pyriev as assistants, even the weakest director was successful.

First films

Of course, he aspired to shoot on his own. Thanks to one happy accident for a young man, Soviet cinema found out who Ivan Pyryev was. His filmography began with the satirical comedy "The Outsider Woman". The script for this tape, written by N. Erdman and A. Mariengof, was designed for summer nature. And the summer of 1928 turned out to be rainy, shooting was constantly postponed. Ivan Alexandrovich reworked the script and shot the film in a short three weeks. So his first picture appeared on the screens.

The first pancake turned out to be “not lumpy”. Howeverfollowed by a series of failures. The second satirical comedy The State Official, filmed in 1931, was heavily criticized. As a result, it had to be redone, as a result of which the idea of the film was somehow blurred, and success bypassed this picture.

In disgrace

And in the next film "The Last Village" the political and social situation of that time was touched upon, and in particular the emergence of collective farms and the struggle against the kulaks. At the top, it was considered that "the interests of the picture are contrary to the interests of the state," and Ivan Pyryev (see photo below) was removed from the production.

In 1933 I. A. Pyryev is finishing work on a drama about the lives of three German girls called "Conveyor of Death". The leading roles were played by actresses Ada Wojcik, Tamara Makarova and Veronika Polonskaya, who did an excellent job of creating images of young workers. It was during the work on this film between Ada Wojcik and Ivan Pyryev that a close relationship arose. They later got married and had a son, Eric.

Finding yourself

After a break of several years, the director began to reproduce on the movie screen the work of screenwriter Katerina Vinogradskaya, which had the working title "Anka". Under the leadership of I. A. Pyryev actors (the main role was played by Ada Wojcik) perfectly conveyed the true drama of the story. The country's leadership appreciated the picture. The final title of this movie is Party Ticket.

However, the film did not have much success with the viewer. It was not enough to strengthen the position of IvanAleksandrovich at Mosfilm. A creative crisis, not entirely successful joint work led to discord in relations with his wife. Pyryev, having also quarreled with representatives of the directorate, left for Kyiv, where he began working on a screen adaptation of the screenplay by screenwriter Yevgeny Pomeschikov. The audience reaction to the musical comedy The Rich Bride (1939) was enthusiastic. Rapid rhythm, beauty, enthusiasm and kind gaiety permeated every episode of the picture, and the music by Isaac Dunayevsky, written especially for this film, made the story even more penetrating, cheerful and realistic. The main role in the film was played by Marina Ladynina, who later became the second wife of Ivan Pyryev.

Marina Ladynina: wife and muse

The next comedy "Tractor Drivers" was a bit like the previous one. However, here the main character, who was again embodied on the screen by M. Ladynina, was more strong-willed and energetic. And again the success that made Pyryev and Ladynina one of the most popular cultural figures of that time.

It should be noted that having fallen in love with Marina Ladynina, Ivan Alexandrovich left his first wife, Ada Wojcik, but love for his son Eric did not let him leave completely. Then he returned several times to his first wife. But the new love still prevailed. Ladynina was a real muse for Pyryev. She played the main roles in nine of his films, most of which were a resounding success with the audience. Ada Wojcik suffered greatly. It was rumored that she even wanted to commit suicide. But then time dulled the pain and resentment. She resigned herself.

Ivan Pyryevdeveloped a kind of poetics of a conflict-free lyrical comedy, which glorified work and life for the good of the Motherland. He successfully embodied it in "The Rich Bride" and "Tractor Drivers". It was this interpretation of the comedy genre that became a kind of standard for Soviet comedy of the mid-20th century.

War years

Shooting of one of the best comedies of Soviet cinema "The Pig and the Shepherd" started in February 1941, and in June the war began. Many members of the film crew, including Ivan Aleksandrovich himself, applied to the front. However, the country's leadership ordered to finish work on the film. With Ladynina in the title role, the picture was a resounding success, becoming one of the symbols of fortitude and faith in the best in those difficult war years for the Russian people.

Another film that was being worked on during the Second World War is The Secretary of the District Committee (1942). It tells about the activities of the partisans. The main character, partisan commander Kochet (played by the actor Vanin), inspired many to join the "people's avenger squads" with his fearless heroic deeds.

The war crippled the souls of millions of Soviet citizens. To raise the spirit of the people, I. A. Pyryev shoots the film "At six o'clock in the evening after the war." Fortunately, the director's creative predictions about the approaching victory were prophetic.

Then the term "musical" was not yet used in cinema. But it was in this genre that “At six o’clock in the evening after the war” and Pyryev’s next work “The Legend of the Earth” were filmed. Siberian" (1948). In both films, the second wife of Ivan Alexandrovich Marina Ladynina is again involved in the main role. Soon they were both awarded the titles of People's Artists of the USSR.

Last love

Followed by another tape "Kuban Cossacks", which became a cult. This lyrical comedy, in which M. Ladynina played one of her best roles, is now very popular with movie lovers.

This was one of their last collaborations. Ivan Pyryev, whose personal life had been the subject of discussion on all the sidelines until that time, again struck everyone with his love of love.

Having begun work on the film "Test of Fidelity", neither Pyryev nor Ladynina could have imagined that the plot of the picture would become prophetic for them. Marina Alekseevna played a woman whose husband leaves. It was at this time that Ivan Aleksandrovich met the young actress Lyudmila Marchenko.

He, being a mature man, falls in love with a young beauty, showers her with gifts and new roles. However, Lyudmila, to whom he was suitable as a father or even grandfather, did not answer Pyryev’s claims with either “yes” or “no”, fearing a categorical refusal to arouse the wrath of a high-ranking boss. Then he returns to the family, then leaves again. And so it went on for several years, until Marina Alekseevna Ladynina filed for divorce. The reaction of Pyryev, who at that moment realized that Marchenko was not going to associate his life with him, was extremely aggressive. Hethreatened that Ladynina would lose her job: he would make sure that no director would invite her. However, she, having a strong character, nevertheless terminated the marriage. And Ivan Pyryev, a biography whose personal life began to be discussed at the top of the party, fulfilled his threats, and Ladynina was almost forgotten. He was called to the carpet so that he would stop the persecution of actress Lyudmila Marchenko, but he said that she had become his last love and without Lyunechka (as he called Lyudmila), he simply could not work. It was then that Marchenko got married, which caused Pyryev's uncontrollable anger. With her, he does the same as with Ladynina, orderly forbids the directors to invite her to act in films and puts obstacles in theatrical work.

Ivan Pyryev and Lionella Pyryev: personal life and creativity in the 50s-60s

Having gone headlong into work, he successfully shoots a film adaptation of Dostoevsky's novel "The Idiot". However, his next work based on the novel by the same Dostoevsky "White Nights" failed.

During the last creative period, he was mainly engaged in social activities. Pyryev was elected to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, and later worked as deputy chairman of the Grand Artistic Council of the USSR Ministry of Cinematography. He was also the artistic director of Mosfilm and even its director.

Later he married an actress who became his last wife. This is Lionella Skirda. Ivan Pyryev and his women were a special topic in the conversations of the metropolitan bohemia. Lionella was 37 years younger than her husbandyears. In addition, as people close to Pyryev claimed, he never stopped loving Lyudmila Marchenko, who rejected him. The director was in a state of depression, which young Lionella took advantage of.

Last day of life

When the Union of Cinematographers, organized by Pyryev, received recognition, he gave way to another person in the leadership chair, and he himself began to realize his old dream: the film adaptation of The Brothers Karamazov. The first episode has been filmed. A total of three parts were planned. He, as always, worked with full dedication. On February 7, 1968, he returned home, as usual, late and tired. Went to bed and never woke up again.

Yes, he was a controversial person. But his contribution to the history of Soviet cinema is invaluable. He created paintings that exude happiness and tenderness. Indomitable, adamant, restless, such was Ivan Pyryev, whose biography proves his attitude to the world, to love. He wanted to take everything from life and lived every day as if it were his last.