2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
Teaching musical literacy is a complex process that requires diligence and painstaking work on the part of the student. One of the steps in this process is the study of intervals.
If we make a comparison between the study of the grammar of the Russian language and musical literacy, then the musical interval is like a syllable. A syllable usually consists of two letters, so an interval is a combination of two sounds. They can be taken simultaneously or sequentially - it doesn't matter.
The name of the "syllable" depends on the distance between these sounds. Two adjacent sounds are one semitone apart. This is the minimum unit for changing intervals. Two semitones form a tone.
Musical interval is characterized by steps and tones. Steps are different notes. The step value of the interval is understood as the number of steps that are placed between the sounds of the interval.
The tone value of the interval is of great importance. Even uniform intervals can contain a different number of tones, so the step value does not completely define them.
Denoting tone value with adjectives:
- small;
- large;
- clean;
- reduced;
- enlarged;
- twice reduced;
- twice enlarged.
Write these adjectives before the numerals that express the step value.
The first musical interval is prima (1). It is the repetition of one sound. It is also called pure prima. It is followed by a second (2). There are small (0.5 tones) and large (1 tone) seconds. Further in order: minor and major thirds, quart, tritone, fifth, minor and major sixths, minor and major sevenths and octave. Each interval in music differs from the previous one by one semitone.
Depending on the simultaneous or successive taking, there are respectively harmonic and melodic intervals. From what musical modes are formed by a combination of sounds, it depends whether the interval will be harmonious or, conversely, cut the ear.
Simple musical intervals are combinations of sounds within one octave. Wider intervals that do not go beyond the quintdecima are called compound intervals. Other combinations are not usually considered as an independent musical interval.
The interval can be reversed, that is, one of its sounds can be moved an octave down or up. It turns out that the lower sound becomes upper, and the upper one becomes lower. This changes the quality of the interval. If it was small, it will become large, and vice versa. Only a clean interval will remain clean. The inversion of a simple interval is the transfer of one of its sounds by an octave. The sum of the step values of the original and invertedinterval will always remain at nine. When inverting a compound interval, both sounds are transferred. Moreover, the upper sound is transferred down, and the lower, respectively, up. The sum of the steps remains equal to sixteen.
Before proceeding to the study of the following topics, it is necessary to master the theory of musical intervals well. After all, this is the basis of musical literacy (after notes, of course). There is nothing complicated here. A person whose goal is to study music will easily remember all the names and types of intervals.
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