2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
The longer the period of time pushing back from us the passage of Suvorov through the Alps, the more difficult it is to realize the greatness of this exceptional event in the history of the Russian army and in world military strategy. Everyone seems to remember it, it has become a textbook. The famous work of the great Russian painter Vasily Ivanovich Surikov is dedicated to him. The painting "Suvorov Crossing the Alps" is on display at the Tretyakov Gallery, and everyone can see it. It was written for the centenary of this event. But let's remember once again how it was.
The army commanded by Suvorov was forced to move from the northern part of the Apennine Peninsula to Switzerland to join the troops of the corps under the command of Rimsky-Korsakov. The Russian troops there opposed the four times superior French forces. But Suvorov's passage through the Alps seemed an almost impossible task. Difficult to overcome mountain passes were reliably controlled by enemy troops. More than 20,000-strong army with convoys and artillery had to be led through the steepest St. Gotthard Pass and the so-called Devil's Bridge - high anda narrow stone arch without a fence over a mountain stream with rapids and waterfalls. This natural obstacle was controlled by the enemy and was almost insurmountable. But Suvorov overcame him. At the most critical moment of the battle for the Devil's Bridge, the regiment of General Kamensky hit the rear of the enemy, thereby completing the tactical maneuver of a deep detour. The French hurriedly retreated, not even having time to completely destroy the bridge arch. The Russian soldiers managed to restore the crossing under enemy fire, closing the gap on the bridge with the help of logs from the destroyed barn and waist belts of their ammunition.
Perhaps, it was the brightest episode in the entire passage of Suvorov through the Alps. But far from the only one. In extreme weather conditions, often waist-deep in snow, along narrow mountain paths, overcoming sharp turns and passes, the Russian army stubbornly moved towards the goal with battles. About a third of its personnel were lost along the way. Suvorov's transition ended in encirclement. Rimsky-Korsakov, with whom Suvorov was moving, had by that time been defeated and retreated. This allowed the French to block all exits from the Muten Valley. The Russian army was met by an ambush here. But even in this stone bag and in a seemingly hopeless situation, complicated by the obvious betrayal of the Austrian allies, Suvorov managed to find a way out. Regrouping his forces, he went on a desperate attack and defeated the enemy preparing to celebrate the victory. Suvorov's passage through the Alps ended with a breakthrough from the Muten Valley.
The campaign of the Russian army is remembered andtoday
Memorial signs and commemorative chapels in honor of Russian soldiers were erected on the St. Gotthard Pass and in the area of the Devil's Bridge. Alexander Vasilievich Suvorov was awarded the title of Generalissimo for this campaign and lived only six months after it. And his actions became classics of military art and entered the world's textbooks on strategy and tactics.
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