Creativity of M.Yu. Lermontov. Famous poems by Lermontov

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

30s were a difficult time in the history of the 19th century. The massacre of the Decembrists was replaced by a harsh reaction, which led to the spiritual decline of progressive minds. It was during this period that the loud voice of the young poet, M. Yu. Lermontov, who was called a worthy successor to A. S. Pushkin, sounded. Mikhail Yuryevich's poems are an attempt to rethink history and reality, a protest against the despotism established in the country, an angry reproach to compatriots who silently endured lawlessness and the oppression of power.

Let's remember the most famous poems of Lermontov, forever inscribed his name in the history of Russian classical literature.

Sail

At the name of the poet, first of all, one recalls a lyrical work written in St. Petersburg in 1832. It was a difficult time for an eighteen-year-old boy - he had just left Moscow University and was preparing fora new life, from which, however, he expected little pleasant. Confusion and a feeling of uncertainty aroused in the soul of the poet the lines: “The lonely sail turns white …” … It is difficult to find a person who would not be familiar with these famous poems by Lermontov. Usually they are perceived as the author's reflections on his future life. In each of the three stanzas, the first two verses containing a landscape sketch are replaced by a description of the psychological state of the lyrical hero. And now the sea is already associated with human life, and the sail on its surface is associated with a rebellious soul. The leading motive of the poem is the loneliness of the lyrical hero, from which he tries to find salvation in the struggle, like a sail fighting the elements. But this attempt is unsuccessful - the reason for this state lies within the person himself.

Years will pass, and the soul of the poet will not find peace, always remaining rebellious and lonely, as in his youth.

Death of a Poet

Fame and exile - this is what brought the young poet in 1937 his most famous poems. In a few days, Mikhail Lermontov was recognized by the entire advanced part of Russia as a man who dared to challenge the existing authorities. And in court circles, he immediately turned into the author of "shameless free-thinking" and until the end of his life was under the close attention of censorship and the emperor (he never allowed the "rebel" to be awarded the awards he deserved in battles).

The beginning of the poem was written the very next day after Pushkin's duel. And a day later - immediately after the death of the poet - it sold out inlists all over Petersburg. After the trial of Dantes, a continuation appeared, which began with famous poems - Lermontov was exiled to the Caucasus for "Death of a Poet" - "And you, arrogant descendants …".

The historical and social significance of this work was determined primarily by the fact that in it the author tried to comprehend the tragic fate of Pushkin as a poet in general. He blamed the death of a genius on society, directly calling Dantes a "murderer", and "new" aristocrats - "arrogant" and "vile". At court, Lermontov's most famous verses could not be tolerated: "And you will not wash away the poet's righteous blood with all your blood!". Mikhail Yuryevich was first arrested and then sent to the Caucasus to the active army.

Clouds

This poem, referring to the late period in the poet's work, has its own background. In 1840, before his next departure to the Caucasus, M. Lermontov stood at the window in the St. Petersburg house of the Karamzins and watched the clouds floating across the sky. The picture he saw made the poet think about his own fate. Very soon he must leave Petersburg, people dear to him. That is why the main technique in the work, which included Lermontov's famous poems: "Heavenly clouds, eternal wanderers …" - was a comparison. The poet saw his own fate as restless and lonely as those of these celestial bodies. Hence the feeling of exile and the feeling of forever severed connection with the motherland. A similar state, by the way, was characteristic of many of Lermontov's contemporaries, who grew up in the difficult 30s and 40syears.

But the lyrical hero cannot fully identify himself with the cold and indifferent clouds. Unlike them, he has a sense of homesickness that cannot be drowned out. There is a philosophical implication in this: nature is free, and the fate of the disgraced poet depends entirely on the decision of the authorities.

“K” (“I will not humiliate myself before you…”)

Lermontov also has heartfelt lines about love. Several of them are dedicated to N. F. Ivanova, whom Mikhail Yuryevich became interested in in his youth. However, the girl did not appreciate the sincere feelings of the young man, and this forever undermined his faith in women. The result of unrequited love was the poem "K ", written in 1832. Its author opposes pure sincere feeling to deceit and pretense, and hope for happiness to deep disappointment. These are Lermontov's poems about love. Famous lines: “How do you know, perhaps those moments that passed at your feet, I took away from inspiration!” largely determined the life position of the poet, who devoted himself entirely to creativity.

Lermontov's meditation is his poetry

So A. Herzen said about the work of Mikhail Yurievich. During his short life, the poet wrote more than four hundred lyric poems. These are “Borodino”, and “Duma”, and “I go out alone on the road”, and “Prayer” … It is difficult to choose one thing, since each of them is worthy to add to the list of the best poetic works of Russian literature.