2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
In 1939, the film "The Man in the Case" directed by Isidor Annensky was released on the screens of the country. Maybe because this story by A. P. Chekhov was not filmed anymore, but in 1965 the picture by I. Annensky was released in a new edition and again passed through the screens of the country.
This tape, which starred the great actors Nikolai Khmelev, Mikhail Zharov, Faina Ranevskaya, was really brilliant, and every inhabitant of the Soviet Union knew the gymnasium teacher of the Greek language Belikov. His cap, dark glasses and the famous phrase "Volga flows into the Caspian Sea, no matter what happens!" were familiar without exaggeration to everyone. It happens that almost one role made a theater actor famous throughout the country.
A boy from a good family
Belikov brilliantly played Khmelev Nikolai Pavlovich. He was born on July 23, 1901 in Sormovo, a historical district of Nizhny Novgorod. His father worked as a foreman at the famous Sormovo locomotive building plant. Mother gave music lessons to we althy families, as she wasthe daughter of a barrister and had a musical education. The son had to get a good education, and when he reached the required age, he was assigned to a private real school in Sormovo. When it closed, the boy was transferred to the 2nd Nizhny Novgorod gymnasium.
6th Moscow Gymnasium
In 1916, Nikolai Khmelev moved to Moscow with his family and continued his studies at the 6th Moscow Gymnasium. During these years, he became interested in painting and connected his future fate with the Stroganov School. But literature was also close to the young man. The first steps on the theatrical path also date back to the time of study at the Moscow gymnasium. In concerts, he performed with monologues by Berendey, Osip, Melnik and Valsingam from the works (respectively) "Snow Maiden", "Inspector", "Mermaid" and "Feast during the Plague".
Choosing the path
Obviously, the idea of devoting oneself to the theater has already visited the future people's artist. Because in the year of his admission to Moscow University, the Faculty of History and Philology, the Moscow Art Theater announces the admission of artists to the 2nd Studio (existed from 1916 to 1924), and Nikolai Khmelev, with the support and assistance of its director and teacher V. L. Mchedelov, goes there.
V. Luzhsky.
First steps
In his student work, Nikolai Khmelev pays great attention toattention to appearance and makeup. This made the roles of Firs in The Cherry Orchard, Karp in The Forest, Snegirev in The Brothers Karamazov so prominent that both K. Stanislavsky and V. Nemirovich-Danchenko praised them. And the art of makeup N. P. Khmelev taught in three studios - Mchedelov, in the 2nd Mkhatovskaya and Zavadsky. Nikolai Khmelev (actor) began his career on the stage in a classical way - not even with “served food”, but with the wordless role of the Messenger (1919).
First notable roles
There were plenty of such silent exits, and only in 1923 N. Khmelev played Spiegelberg in Fr. Schiller. This role, not noticed by critics, was recognized by colleagues, and the next role in the play "Elizaveta Petrovna" was one of the leading ones.
Nikolai Pavlovich played Ushakov. In 1925, Nemirovich-Danchenko offered him the role of the peasant Marey in K. Trenev's play "Pugachevshchina". This role made N. Khmelev famous.
High patronage
The following year, 1926, he plays Alexei Turbin and becomes a recognized actor. There are many legends associated with the play "Days of the Turbins" by M. A. Bulgakov, staged at the Moscow Art Theater. Stalin liked the performance. There is a version that it was after watching it that the leader allowed the New Year to be celebrated in the country, he liked the scenes with the decoration of the Christmas tree so much. Stalin favored the actor Khmelev - three awards in his name are worth something. Iosif Vissarionovich especially liked the roles of Karenin and Alexei Turbin.
Ownrole vision
Each subsequent role became a new stepping stone to the heights of creativity - the Bolshevik intellectual Peklevanov in "Armored Train 14-69" Sun. Ivanov (1927), the prince in "Uncle's Dream" by F. M. Dostoevsky, Firs in "The Cherry Orchard" and Tsar Fedor Ioanovich. Nikolai Pavlovich receives this role on the recommendation of the great V. M. Moskvin.
The role of Skorobogatov in the play "Enemies" by A. M. Gorky is also a success. Each image played by N. P. Khmelev differed only in its inherent characteristic features, for each he found peculiar accents. The prince in "Uncle's Dream" performed by Khmelev is not so funny as tragic.
Theatre. Yermolova
In 1932, Nikolai Khmelev (photo attached) opens his studio, which, having existed until 1937, merged into the theater. Yermolova. Nikolai Pavlovich became the artistic director of this theater, and the first production on the new stage - "There was not a penny, but suddenly Altyn" - was very popular. He held this position until his death in 1945. In 1941, N. P. Khmelev received the first Stalin Prize for outstanding creative achievements.
Eligible awards
In 1942, the actor was awarded the second Stalin Prize for the role of engineer Zabelin in N. Pogodin's "Kremlin Chimes". When the theater was evacuated (since 1941), N. P. Khmelev was appointed head of the artistic department of the Moscow Art Theater, M. Moskvin became director in 1943.
The great successes include such a theatrical role as Tuzenbach in the play "Three Sisters" by A. P. Chekhov, staged in 1940. Some researchers of the actor's work believe that it was she who became the pinnacle of Nikolai Pavlovich Khmelev's skill. All the roles and performances of the last years of his life were successful. For the “Last Victim” by A. Ostrovsky, staged by him at the Moscow Art Theater in 1944, in 1946, posthumously, Nikolai Pavlovich was awarded the third Stalin Prize.
Sudden death
Nikolai Khmelev, whose biography ended on November 1, 1945, died as a great artist - on stage. He rehearsed the role of Ivan the Terrible in the play "Difficult Years" by A. N. Tolstoy. There was a dress rehearsal, the actor fell, he was transferred to a chair in the first row of the stalls. The doctor who arrived realized that N. P. Khmelev was not transportable, that he was dying. The great actor was transferred to a small room behind the front lodge, as the evening performance began in the theater (why not cancel it?). There were "Dead Souls", to loud music at the ball at the governor's and the laughter of unsuspecting spectators was dying in the makeup and costume of the tsar Khmelev Nikolai Pavlovich. The cause of death was paralysis and cardiac arrest.
Private life
He was only 44 years old. In such cases, it is customary to say that a person “burned out at work” - productions at the Gypsy Theater and them. Yermolova, there was also a lot of work at the Moscow Art Theater. In addition, the second wife of Nikolai Khmelev was the beautiful Lyalya Chernaya, who left Yanshin for great love.
But the soul of this actress wasgypsy, cheerful and free - constant songs and dances until the morning in the bunk apartment of N. Khmelev. They say that the gypsies and bonfires were kindled there. Yes, and time contributed to illness, so Nikolai Khmelev could not stand it. The personal life of the artist in 1943 was marked by the fact of the birth of his son Alyosha, who on November 2, on the second day after the death of his father, turned two years old.
Some Facts
To the above, we can add the fact that the great-nephew of N. Khmelev, his namesake and namesake (though not full, patronymic Evgenievich, Alyosha's son had no children) is an actor of the Mayakovsky Theater. He became known to the general public after filming in the series "Kremlin Cadets".
Finishing the article, we can add that Nikolai Pavlovich Khmelev was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor and medals and, as noted above, was awarded the USSR State Prizes (formerly Stalin) in 1941, 1942 and 1946. Among the film works, one can note the role in the film "Generation of Winners", released in 1936. N. P. Khmelev was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow.
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