2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
A special place in the history of folk singing art is occupied by the Pyatnitsky choir, because it is he who is considered the founder of choral singing on a large professional stage. It was this group that brought folk art to the masses and did not let the people forget about their roots.
Creating the Pyatnitsky Choir
Mitrofan Efimovich Pyatnitsky is a great man, a connoisseur of singing art, a collector of Russian folklore. He personally traveled to the villages and villages of Mother Russia to record all the songs of folk performers on a roller phonograph, and there are more than 400 of them in his record library. Mitrofan Efimovich was so impressed with the works that he decided to create a choir from the peasants of Smolensk, Voronezh and Ryazan provinces in order to bring folk art to people. He wanted to show all the power of folk performance on the stage and how these songs should actually sound, how they were performed from century to century.
The beginning of creativity
"Peasant" - so Pyatnitsky proudly called his choir. The band's first debut took place in February 1911 on the stage of the Noble Assembly in Moscow. Visitors sawpeasants who sang as best they could, but from the bottom of their hearts and the breadth of their souls. They didn't even rehearse before going out. The peasants came to Moscow from their villages and sang as if they were not on the stage, but at home, on a mound or in the field at work, simply and sincerely. Their performance made an incredible impression on those present. Among the admirers of the Pyatnitsky choir were Fyodor Chaliapin, Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, Ivan Bunin and others. Only at the beginning of the 1920s did the singing peasants move to Moscow to perform in one group. Lenin helped in this, he ordered their move and gave them work in factories.
The fate of the choir after the death of the leader
In 1927, the founder of the group died, and it was then that the choir began to be officially called Pyatnitsky. In his place came the folklorist and literary historian Pyotr Mikhailovich Kazmin, a relative of Mitrofan Efimovich. The Pyatnitsky choir sang the author's songs with the advent of the new leader Vladimir Grigoryevich Zakharov in 1931. They reflected the era of that time - industrialization and collectivization. It was then that the "Song about Russia" was born.
In 1938, two new groups were created - orchestral and dance. All people were also natives of the people and were chosen on the basis of giftedness and talent. For 60 years, Tatyana Alekseevna Ustinova was responsible for the dance part, and Khvatov Vasily Vasilyevich was responsible for the orchestra.
From 1956 to 1962, the head of the choir was Marian Koval - People's Artist of the RSFSR and a Soviet composer, during which time the choir received the OrderLabor Red Banner.
Levashov Valentin Sergeevich, a famous composer, led the Pyatnitsky choir and attracted A. Pakhmutova, A. Novikov, S. Tulikov and other great people to cooperate. Now a new genre has appeared in the repertoire - a vocal and choreographic composition.
The title of "academic" choir received in 1968, and 13 years later he was awarded the Order of Friendship of Peoples.
Alexandra Andreevna Permyakova, People's Artist of the Russian Federation, became director in 1989. Thanks to her sensitive leadership, in 2001 the Pyatnitsky choir was given a star on the "Avenue of Stars" in Moscow, in 2007 the collective was awarded the medal of the Russian government "Patriot of Russia", and a year later they became laureates of the "National Treasure of the Country" award.
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