2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
The Rhine near Cape Lorelei narrows its course greatly. In this place it is very dangerous for navigation. Besides, it is here that it is very deep. The wind howls near the cape, and on the opposite side the sounds of a waterfall are heard.
The name was once translated as "rocks that whisper". Under the water were reefs that created dangerous eddies. Taken together, this has resulted in many shipwrecks. The young romantic poet in the "Book of Songs" in 1823 placed the ballad "Lorelei". Heinrich Heine was not the first to address this topic. He romanticized her, as required by the era and his personal experiences.
Heine translations
More than once and at different times, the best Russian poets addressed Heine's poem "Lorelei". In each of them you can find differences. The best translation of Heine's "Lorelei" is the work of S. Marshak. But this choice is a subjective preference. The author of this article likes the translation of Heine's ballad "Lorelei", which was created by Wilhelm Levik, more. It is also interesting to compare the interlinear with the translation. In German poetry, this work is so touching and musical that it has become a folk song.
Theme of the poem
Briefly tell you what we are talking aboutat Heine. Lorelei - a beautiful golden-haired girl - sits on a high rock and sings so that everyone who swims past her involuntarily throws oars or a sail and begins to listen to her singing and watch how she combs her golden hair with a golden comb. At this time, the air is cool, it gets dark … The Rhine flows calmly. The picture is so beautiful that both the reader and the swimmer forget about the cunning of the Rhine. It is not surprising that the shipbuilder gazes at the glittering on the top of the rock and listens to the mysterious melodic rhymes. He ceases to notice the rocks, and before him stands only a beautiful vision, whose divine sounds completely make him lose his mind. The end is always the same - the swimmer dies. It is, as Heine said in the first stanzas, a fairy tale of old times.
Poetic paths
In Russian, Wilhelm Levik chose amphibrachs. He used a cross rhyme, as in the original. 24 lines in the translator and 24 lines in the German poem. We began to consider Heine's verse "Lorelei". Our poet has not deviated in the least from Heine. The lyrical hero is on the shore, and his soul is embarrassed by sadness. He is haunted by one old tale, which he will now tell. The poet feels the coolness coming from the water. Now Rhine was asleep in the dark. The lyrical hero passes into another world and sees the last ray of a flaming sunset and the girl on the cliff illuminated by it.
Lorelei
There is no action in the poem. It is all devoted to the description of the fatal beauty. It is she, all in the radiance of gold (this word is used three times, placed side by side, as Heine repeats it three times), that the lyrical hero admires,without taking your eyes off. Her smooth actions - the girl calmly combs her hair (Heine repeats this phrase twice - Sie kämmt ihr goldenes Haar, Sie kämmt es mit goldenem Kamme) - fascinate with peace.
And the magic song pours out of her mouth, completely enchants and captivates him. And not only him, but also the rower who forgot about the waves. Now a tragedy will happen: the swimmer will be swallowed up by the waters. Heine speaks of this as an event that cannot be prevented (Ich glaube, die Wellen verschlingen). The power of Lorelei's singing crushes everything. This is sadly emphasized by the last two stanzas of the German poet: Und das hat mit ihrem Singen, Die Loreley getan.
Dangerous turn
The song, full of unknown power, captures the rower so much that he does not see the huge rock in front of him.
He only looks up at the beautiful golden maiden Lorelei. The lyrical hero foresees the end: the waves will close forever over the rower. It's all about the singing of Lorelei.
Why does the author care about the old fairy tale
Perhaps because not so long ago he experienced the collapse of his hopes. Re-reading Brentano, Heine met the image of a fatal, in spite of her will bearing grief, beauty, which excited him. The poet was in love with his cousin Amalia when he lived in Hamburg, but she did not answer him. His experiences resulted in the lines of a ballad. During the Nazi era, Heine's books burned at the stake. Only "Lorelei" was allowed, which was perceived as folk.
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