2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
Aesop is the first fabulist. A fable is a type of literary genre that has a lyric-epic direction. Usually it is performed in the form of a short poetic story, which depicts human relationships and actions in an allegorical form. The main characters in fables can be both people and animals.
It is believed that the ancient Greek fabulist Aesop was the founder of such a trend as a fable. But "Aesop's fable" is, rather, a collective image that ascribes to the ancient Greek poet all conceivable satirical plots. Historically, these plots have been collected since the 15th-10th centuries. and ending 4-3 centuries. BC
"Aesop's Fable" is not only a storehouse of plots, it is also the basis for creating a special "Aesopian language", which was formed relatively late. This term means that the story contains some disguised meaning that the reader of the fable must guess. Initially, the fables did not know the subtext. They were written for the people in simple folk language. The first fables in Russian were written in a primitive style using profanity. I. A. Krylov is considered the first Russian fabulist. Exactlyhe introduced readers to the work of Aesop, La Fontaine and
Martial. He not only translated their creations into Russian, but also ennobled them. I. A. Krylov raised the low genre of the fable to the court. In 1808 the first collection of the writer was published. It went through a lot of reprints. The author borrowed only 30 plots, the rest belong to his own pen. Many stories that showed national flavor were translated into different European languages.
Fable is the teacher of life
The main characters of fables are animals that are carriers of human qualities. Not only human actions performed by animals, but also the personification of human types, clearly expressed by the character to whom the people attribute certain character-forming features, expresses the main idea of the work. “Do not be stubborn like a donkey, stupid like a turkey, restless and frivolous like a monkey,” says the fable. This is an element of education carried out through the image of an animal. This is the most important feature of the fable. The school curriculum included works by I. A. Krylov, K. D. Ushinsky, L. N. Tolstoy, S. Mikhalkov and some other writers. Many expressions began to be used as proverbs. “And Vaska listens and eats”, “I didn’t even notice the elephant”, “And the chest just opened” - the most famous of them.
Fables for children are of great educational importance, because with the help of emotions and artistic words, they have a strong influence on the child, form high social andmoral principles.
Fables for children. Teaching role
From the simple to the more complex, from the easiest to the most difficult, from the known to the unknown, she leads the child. These are the basic principles of didactics.
A fable is a storehouse not only in terms of language work, but also in the education of morality in a child, the ability to deeply comprehend the material read, the ability to make generalizations and conclusions, as well as the ability to transfer the content of a fable into reality.
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