How did Yury Osipovich Dombrovsky live and write about? Biography and work of the writer and poet

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

Dombrovsky Yuri Osipovich is a famous Russian writer and poet who lived in the 20th century. His fate was not easy, like many artists of the word, whose work falls on the Soviet era. Dombrovsky Yuri Osipovich left us works that make us think about a lot. The article provides a brief overview of his life and work.

Origin, arrests and their reflection in creativity

Yuri Osipovich was born in Moscow on April 29, 1909 in the family of a lawyer. He graduated from the higher literary courses in 1932, at the same time he was arrested, after which he was sent into exile in Alma-Ata. Dombrovsky Yuri Osipovich worked as an art critic, archaeologist, journalist, teacher. In 1936 he was arrested again, but released a few months later. This arrest was the basis for the 1964 novel The Keeper of Antiquities, as well as the 1978 novel The Faculty of Unnecessarythings . In these works, the writer retained the real names of the investigators in his case, Khripushin and Myachin.

Life in the camps and new works

In 1938 Dombrovsky Yuri Osipovich published his new novel, Derzhavin. A year later, he was arrested again. The writer was sent to the Kolyma camps. He returned from there to Alma-Ata only in 1943, already a sick man. In the winter of 1943, Dombrovsky, while in the hospital, set about writing a novel called The Monkey Comes for His Skull. The work was published in 1959. In 1946, Yuri Osipovich began writing a cycle of short stories dedicated to Shakespeare. It was published in 1969 ("The Swarthy Lady").

The authorities did not stop persecuting Dombrowski. The writer was arrested again in 1949. He had to spend another 6 years in prison. During these years, Dombrovsky Yury Osipovich was in the Far North, as well as in Tashkent. His biography is marked by rehabilitation in 1956, when he was allowed to return to Moscow.

A novel about the occupation

The works of Yuri Osipovich are permeated with the ideals of humanism. "The Monkey Comes for His Skull" is a novel set in a Western European state that is occupied by the Nazis. Dombrovsky created in this work a collective image of the inhabitants of Europe who are fighting against totalitarianism. This gave reason to critics to believe that the novel depicts totalitarianism in our country, and not European fascism. Such parallels are indeed obvious. However, the heroes of the novel are stillintellectuals from Europe who were brought up in humanistic traditions. Professor Meissonier is the protagonist of the work. He is faced with a choice between spiritual and physical suicide. Dying, this hero becomes the winner in his struggle. Professor Lane, an associate of Meissonier, is his antipode. He compromises to survive.

Dombrowski's Dilogy

The main theme of the dilogy, the first part of which is "Keeper of Antiquities", and the second - "Faculty of Useless Things", is the freedom of the spirit. In the first work, the historicity of the consciousness of the hero depicted by Dombrovsky is opposed to despotism. This is the nameless curator of the museum of the city of Alma-Ata, for which antiquities are part of human history, and not dead values. The author shows that the inhuman ideology is powerless in the face of the powerful, tangible diversity of the world, which Dombrovsky described with his characteristic stylistic plasticity.

"Faculty of unnecessary things" is a novel that is a continuation of the first part of the dilogy. The protagonist of the work is in prison, he has to endure betrayal. However, the freedom of the spirit is ultimately stronger than tyranny.

Notes of a Petty Hooligan

"Notes of a petty hooligan" is Dombrovsky's novel published in 1990. He is imbued with a keen sense of justice. Yuri Osipovich tells readers about how he was convictedcharged with disorderly conduct for standing up for a woman who was being beaten. In court, I saw the triumph of absurdity and meaninglessness Dombrovsky Yuri Osipovich, whose works, it is no coincidence, remain relevant in our time. The crown of absurdity and senselessness depicted in the novel was the condemnation of a deaf-mute for "obscene language".

Lyrics

It should be noted that Dombrovsky is not only a writer, but also a poet. Only one of his poems was published during his lifetime. This is "Stone Ax", published in 1939. However, the author of other interesting poems is the poet Dombrovsky Yuri Osipovich. His biography is marked by the creation of the poem "Utilsyre" in 1959. This work describes the meeting of Yuri Osipovich with his former investigator, which took place in the market of the city of Alma-Ata. It makes the poet think bitterly about the lack of justice in our world, in which the fates of the executioners and their victims are closely linked. The lyrics of Yuri Osipovich, it should be noted, are not rhymed journalism. Dombrovsky strove for a poetic transformation of the real events that took place in his life.

Dark Lady

"The Swarthy Lady" is the title that unites three short stories dedicated to Shakespeare. The object of Yuri Osipovich's attention in these works is the artist's psychology. Dombrovsky traces how he changed over the years, how, fast and ardent in his youth, he grew wiser, matured, matured. His enthusiasmgradually gave way to caution, disappointment, gravity. In the end, everything was replaced by terrible fatigue.

Dombrovsky Yuri Osipovich passed a very difficult life path. His brief biography ends on May 29, 1978, when the writer died in Moscow.