A story is an oral story

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

We have all heard the term "tale". Have you ever seriously thought about what it is? It turns out that even after the alphabet was invented, many remained illiterate. Writing allowed people to exchange information and knowledge, save them for centuries and pass them on to descendants. Those people who could not, for some reason, learn to write, exchanged information orally. Accordingly, a legend is a narrative in oral form.

Myths

This kind of retelling appeared in antiquity. They talk about the very beginning - the beginning of the world. But that's not all. They also tell about the appearance of man, about gods and heroes. It is not known for certain whether this is true or fiction. A legend is not always reality or history. Rather, we can say that this is a reflection of the views of the creators on the structure of the world, life in it. The heroes of myths are a model for listeners.

Epos

Another kind of legends is epic. It is not very different from the myth, but it can tellabout real characters, events or persons. Here the central figure is the hero and his life, actions. Often in epic works there are gods, but they are secondary characters. There is an opinion that the fiction of our time comes from the heroes and plots that are described in the epic.

Saga

A legend is also a saga - stories about real people with a mention of all the little things in the lives of heroes. Usually they describe the life of a particular family: its life, children. The saga tells about generations and time. For example, among the peoples of Scandinavia (usually Norway or Iceland), most families honored the memory of their ancestors, they collected bit by bit information about their life and retold it to the next generation. Over time they got bigger and bigger. Sometimes a saga can span centuries.

Bible tales

This is probably the most extensive layer for our study and understanding, because they, in fact, make up our entire understanding of religion. They describe the lives of saints and people who existed many years ago. Unfortunately, we also cannot verify their authenticity. With the development of mankind, many historians study biblical legends and find many confirmations of them. As for antiquity, many chroniclers also studied this genre.

Old Russian literature was created from the 11th to the 16th centuries. She was also very religious. It used to be that a chronicler is a person who can communicate with God. He guided him, and the scribe, in turn, glorified the HolyScripture. We can safely say that the legend is a genre of ancient Russian literature.

Literature

The alphabet among the Slavs appeared in the middle of the 9th century. It was created by Cyril and Methodius in order to translate sacred texts. The church language could not become the one in which fiction books would be published. That is why in ancient Russian literature there are no heroes, love, experiences, suffering, and so on right up to the 17th century. Comic works were also banned because of the sinfulness of laughter. It was considered an occupation that distracts from prayers and reasoning about the good.

The first recorded legend is considered to be the “Word of Law and Grace”. It was written down by Metropolitan Hilarion of Kyiv. Its approximate creation dates back to the 30-40s of the XI century. Next come the chronicles. They most often described the lives of saints who glorified the faith and shared their knowledge with the people. We conclude that the legend is also a genre that covers chronicles.

Tales of the people

There is also such a thing as epic. This is a folklore-epic song, which is written in tonic verse. A folk tale is an epic. Each of them tells about the life of heroes. They have their own plot, which is associated with a particular event that occurred in Russia. Such tales are an obligatory part of folklore and are called "oldies".

Russian epics and their features

The most important thing here is the sing-along, the beginning and the ending. The first part of themvery rarely linked to the main storyline. This is done in order to attract the attention of the reader or listener. The main event described in the epic is called the beginning. At the end, a feast is described - a celebration that is organized in honor of the victory over the enemy. The tunes in epics are also of different types. For example, strict, stately, fast, funny, calm, buffoon.

Epics are distinguished by patriotism, their stories are always laudatory. They talk about how beautiful and invincible Russia is, highlight the dignity of princes, defenders, their courage. Heroes immediately come to the rescue, rescue and protect the population from impending disaster. Previously, before 1830, such songs were called differently. Only after that time did the scientist I. Sakharov introduce the concept of "epic". The main character in them is a mighty Russian hero. These people possessed a power that is beyond the power of an ordinary person. They were also very brave and courageous. Bogatyrs on their own could defeat any enemy even without weapons. Their main task is to protect Russia from the enemy and encroachments on the life and freedom of the people.