2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
Boldino autumn, in addition to wonderful lyrics and transparent, like clean autumn air, prose, gave us a small cycle of works, which became one of the most significant in the creative heritage of A. S. Pushkin. These are small in format, but very capacious in content and semantic load, "Little Tragedies".
The originality of the genre
Consider the originality of the genre and a summary. Pushkin's "Little Tragedies" can be attributed to philosophical dramatic works. In them, the author reveals various aspects of human characters, studies the various ups and downs of fate and internal conflicts. Each of the tragedies, on the one hand, is a sketch of one or another type of personality at the moment of the highest tension of his inner, spiritual and mental forces. On the other hand, it is a kind of cross-section of a certain social group of people in the proposed historical era. The conflicts that unfold before us take place not so much in the outside world as inside the characters themselves - psychological and moral.
Stingy Knight
"The Miserly Knight" is the first drama that we will review the summary of. Pushkin's "little tragedies" do not start with her for nothing. The power of gold, money, we alth over the human soul is one of the strongest in the world. For the Baron, the protagonist of the drama, it has long grown into a painful passion. Cold golden circles replaced everything for him: family, relatives, friends, respect, knightly prowess, intellectual development and moral values. With trepidation, so similar to the impatience of a passionately in love young man, the hero descends into his basement - on a date with chests. He remembers the story of every penny caught in his captivity. Without compassion, she recalls the unfortunate widow, who begged not to be taken away from her last, who knelt for hours in the rain in front of his gates. But the heart of the Miser has long ceased to be human - the work leads us to such logical thoughts, even its summary. Pushkin's "Little Tragedies" show that if a person begins to serve the Golden Calf, he will inevitably degrade. The drama ends sadly: father and son fight a duel, and the last words of the Baron are not forgiveness and reconciliation, but: “My keys, keys!” Perhaps Pushkin was the first among Russian writers to so directly express the idea of the corrupting power of money in society, and it turned out to be very topical for all our art.
Mozart and Salieri
Somewhat different thoughts are suggested by this work,even its summary. Pushkin's "Little Tragedies" take on a global dimension in drama. The legend that the envious Salieri poisoned the brilliant Mozart receives a different interpretation here. The point is not only and not so much in envy: Salieri is treated kindly by the public, critics, rich, has achieved almost everything he dreamed of. But he does not understand Mozart - how in him the great divine talent is combined with such frivolity, such a childish attitude to life, to his vocation. A genius must work in the sweat of his brow, every note of harmony must be obtained by him "with sweat and blood." And Mozart succeeds in joking, of course. He is the embodiment of light and cheerfulness, he is a sunny child of art. Salieri does not accept this sunshine, this lightness of life and artistry, they contradict all his views and theories regarding creativity. In the person of Mozart, more precisely in his behavior and philosophy, he sees a challenge to everything that he worships. Salieri is a craftsman, Mozart is a Master. With his genius, he not only can show to what heights a creative person can rise, but also plunges the less talented into despondency. And the speed and ease with which Wolfgang composes can turn other musicians away from serious, thoughtful work on themselves and music. Consequently, art will only benefit if Mozart is gone. And Salieri destroys a friend for the sake of, as it seems to him, the highest justice and for the sake of art itself - the reviewed summary brings us to this thought. Pushkin's Little Tragedies, however, are full of philosophical generalizations. And the sentence for Salieri is the words about genius andvillainy as two things incompatible.
"Stone Guest" and "Feast in Time of Plague"
Pushkin "Little Tragedies" (a summary and analysis of which we are considering) built on the principle of reflection in each work of one or another facet of the soul. In the last two works, he brought to the fore heroes who are able to challenge social prejudices, attitudes, traditions, and even fate. Don Juan from The Stone Guest, a well-known conqueror of women's hearts in Spain, is damn charming. He is brave, handsome, ready to draw his sword and challenge the devil himself to a duel if he touches him. He seems sincerely in love with Donna Anna, the wife of the Commander, who was killed by him. But Pushkin sees much deeper than what lies on the surface. And the writer exposes before us the cold calculation of the hero, his immoral egoism, the violation of moral norms and moral values, which belong to the category of universal human beings. And in the future, the exposure of individualism will become the main task of Russian classical literature.
Alexander Pushkin "Little Tragedies" ends with "A Feast in the Time of Plague". Using the example of Valsingam, he glorifies the personal courage of people who are capable of looking into the face of death with their heads held high in a moment of danger and not humble themselves before its terrible power. Struggle, not fear, and submission are the hallmarks of a real person.
One can rightly say that "Little Tragedies" is a brilliant example of Russian psychological realism.
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