2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
Some Eastern sages and philosophers wrote down their thoughts in the form of quatrains. It was something like equations tending to exact formulas, aphorisms. Rubai became one of the most complex genre forms of Tajik-Persian poetry. What is a lyric-philosophical quatrain and how does it reflect the surrounding reality? The legacy of these poems is rich and varied. Well, let's talk about what rubaiyat is, about the main poets that make them up. You will learn about the most famous Eastern sages who wrote philosophical and lyrical poems. They are very wise, full of humor, cunning, impudence.
What is a rubaiyat?
You must have heard about oriental lyric poetry such as ghazal, qasida. A similar option is the rubai. What is this mysterious quatrain? It is also called dubaiti or ram in another way. Rubaiyat consists of four lines, two or three of which rhyme with each other. Sometimes all four can rhymeline.
These quatrains were based on Iranian oral folk art. The origin of the rubaiyat falls on the 9th-10th centuries. Below you will learn about the most famous authors of the rubaiyat about love, life, and the character of a person. The content of these poems is filled with philosophical and lyrical reflections.
Rubai about the life of Azerbaijani poetesses
The people of the East do not erect monuments to women. But one of them erected a monument to herself with her immortal quatrains - Mehseti Ganjavi. This is the first Azerbaijani poetess, a contemporary of the great Nizami. In her works, the image of a feminine, courageous and freedom-loving rebel emerges. She could not stand obscurantism, hypocrisy, ridiculed the rich, idolized lovers.
The one who could indulge in love forever, Don't dare to say, "My lot is bad."
I have been looking for a companion all my life.
It turned out to be my own breath.
Heiran-Khanum was another Azerbaijani compiler of the rubai. Her parents were aristocrats. She lived all her adult life in Iran, knew Persian, Arabic, was interested in classical oriental literature. Among her creations are not only rubais, but also gazelles, qasidas, muhammases.
Her poetry was about noble and selfless love. Heiran Khanum fought against evil, social injustice, lack of rights and the oppressed position of women.
The sky is the belt of my ruined life, The tears of the fallen are the s alty waves of the seas, Paradise - blissful rest after passionate effort, Hellfire is just a reflection of extinguished passions.
Life Poems of Omar Khayyam
The consummate master of the rubaiyat genre was Omar Khayyam. In them, he clearly stated his worldview. There are legends about the great poet of the East, his biography is full of secrets and mysteries. He is not just a philosopher, but also a mathematician, physicist, astronomer.
There are a lot of observations in Khayyam's rubaiyat, a deep understanding of the world and the human soul. They show the brightness of images, the grace of rhythm.
The lower the soul of a person, the higher the nose turns up.
He reaches with his nose there, where the soul has not grown up.
The religious East brought up the poet. Omar Khayyam often thought about God in verse, but did not understand all church dogmas. In the rubaiyat, he expressed all his free-thinking and irony.
Two people were looking through the same window.
One saw rain and mud.
Another - green foliage, spring and blue sky.
Two people were looking through the same window.
Khayyam was supported by many other poets. Some of them were afraid of persecution for free-thinking, so they gave the authorship of their rubais to Khayyam. He was a humanist, in the first place he put a person, his spiritual world.
To be beautiful does not mean to be born, Because we can learn beauty.
When a person is beautiful in soul –
What looks can match her?
In his poems, the sage Khayyam spoke about what he could not say in plain text. Contemporaries read unsurpassed philosopher's quotes about man, happiness and love.
How often, making mistakes in life, we lose those we value.
Trying to please strangers, sometimes we run away from our neighbor.
We ex alt those who are not worth us, but betray the most faithful.
Who loves us so much, we offend, and we ourselves are waiting for an apology.
Poems of the founder of Tajik poetry - Abu Abdallah Rudaki
Translated from the Tajik Rudaki means "brook". He really sounded and became the founder of national poetry. He is not just a poet, but a singer of his country, a rhapsodist. Even in his youth, he was blinded by one of the viziers. Rudaki was able to learn Arabic and the Koran well. Over time, he began to head the union of poets at the court of the Samanid rulers in Bukhara. Then he reached his highest glory. There are more than 130,000 couplets and about 50 quatrains in his piggy bank of creations. He also wrote the poem "Kalila and Dimna".
When a caravan moves across the steppe, Remember the same science:
Do not step on the chest that has fallen, Give the ailing hand.
Rudaki wrote not only on laudatory, anacreontic topics, but also reflected on the human mind. The poet called for knowledge, virtue, an active life position. His poetry is simple and accessible.
My God doesn't spoil me.
They send me thorns and needles.
Not too fond of complaints, Prefers games.
Rubai of the Indian poet Babur
The issues of morality and spiritual perfection of a person were touched upon in hispoetry of Muhammad Babur. In his rubaiyat, the poet has a lofty attitude to a person, his dignity, he cannot reconcile himself with selfishness, self-love, greed, vanity. Babur in rubaiyat gives advice to people on how to discover the best qualities of morality.
Being the ruler of Ferghana, he created a centralized state of the Baburids. There are many poetic works in his piggy bank. In them, he wrote about his personal life, environment and historical events.
You are in a foreign land - and, of course, a person is forgotten!
Only a heartfelt person regrets himself.
In my wanderings I never knew joy for an hour!
Man always mourns for his beloved homeland.
Babur skillfully used the most expressive means of the Turkic language. His rubaiyat are dedicated to the customs and customs of the time, religion, love.
I need this beauty, whose flesh is so tender, I need, Like the sun, whose light the soul is lit, needed.
To me, who fell prostrate, the sacred vault is not mihrab -
This eyebrow, which is blackened by a mistress, is needed.
In Babur's love he sought fidelity, devotion, nobility and humanity. He put love over we alth, social status, all earthly goods. His beloved is beautiful and looks perfect. The girl has a beautiful appearance, rich inner content, spiritual perfection. When writing the rubaiyat, the poet skillfully used original artistic means.
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