The author of the Russian language dictionary. Dictionary types

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

Who is Vladimir Ivanovich Dal? Each student will answer that this person is the author of the dictionary of the Russian language. But not everyone knows that such informational books are intended not only for pupils and students. Dictionaries are used by experienced specialists in their field: teachers, philologists, translators and representatives of other professions. That is why there are so many types of them. This article will cover the main ones.

History

Speech is constantly changing. And the language spoken by the people who inhabited the territory of modern Russia four hundred to five hundred years ago differs significantly in grammatical and lexical composition. Lavrenty Zizaniy is the author of a dictionary published at the end of the 16th century. The next edition appeared in 1627. Its author was Pamvo Berynda, and the purpose of this book was the interpretation of book Old Slavonic words and expressions. ATIn 1704, Polikarpov-Orlov compiled the first translation dictionary, which included lexical units of three languages: Russian, Latin, Greek.

The phrase "the author of the dictionary of the Russian language" is associated with the name of Vladimir Dal, because the work of this person is the most significant in the history of Russian linguistics. His book contains more than two hundred thousand words. However, the first explanatory dictionary is usually called the Dictionary of the Russian Academy, which, however, is more etymological.

After Vladimir Dahl, such outstanding philologists as Grot, Ushakov, Ozhegov also worked in this area. These names are familiar to everyone. And everyone whose activity is at least somehow connected with writing texts resorts to the help of Ozhegov's dictionary.

Spelling dictionaries

The purpose of these dictionaries is to clarify the spelling of various lexical items. They do not contain interpretations of words, set expressions or phraseological units. The spelling dictionary of the Russian language can be school, general or sectoral. Authors - Ushakov, Ozhegov. Similar reference publications are also published under the editorship of such authors as O. E. Ivanova and V. V. Lopatin.

Explanatory Dictionaries

A few words have already been said about this kind of dictionaries. It should be added that such reference literature is intended not only to explain the meaning of a particular word or phrase, but also includes stylistic or grammatical characteristics, examples of use, and otherdetails.

Authors of explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language:

• Lavrentiy Zizaniy.
• Pamvo Berynda.
• Vladimir Dal.
• Dmitry Ushakov.
• Sergey Ozhegov.

The above list is in chronological order.

Synonym dictionaries

Good knowledge of the style of the language is, first of all, the ability to correctly select words that are close in meaning. Minor semantic coloring can make a lexical item inappropriate in a particular context. In order to avoid such difficulties, a special reference literature has been created. The author of the dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language, published in the XVIII century, is D. I. Fonvizin. But the work of this writer and playwright should not be used to work on a modern text. It is better to resort to a publication on which such an author of the Russian language dictionary as Kozhevnikov worked.

Other types of dictionaries

Dictionaries can also be terminological, phraseological, grammatical. Such reference materials may consist exclusively of neologisms or foreign words. There are also highly specialized dictionaries. For example, researchers whose activities are devoted to the work of Dostoevsky have compiled a dictionary of the language of this writer. This book includes words and phraseological units, consisting of lexical units, which were most often used by the author of Crime and Punishment.

As for translation dictionaries, every person who studiesforeign language, you should have several options in stock. And at a certain level, when a sufficient lexical base has already been accumulated, it is better to resort to the help of translation explanatory dictionaries more often.

Which of the publications is a must-have on the bookshelf? Who is the best author of the Russian language dictionary? It is difficult to answer these questions, because everyone selects for himself the necessary reference literature based on the type of activity. However, the dictionaries of Ozhegov and Ushakov should certainly be available to a schoolchild, student or any person who speaks Russian.