Modern style houses. Art Nouveau in Russian architecture

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

Modern style houses appeared in the late 19th - early 20th century. Many were interested in the use of new materials and forms. In a word, there was a desire to escape from the classics. Under the influence of these factors, architecture developed. Art Nouveau of the 20th century is expressive. It is characterized by the use of advanced technical means and the latest materials.

General information

Modern style house projects are distinguished by the absence of right angles and lines. Also, this style implies the presence of rounded shapes. The main distinguishing feature of the Art Nouveau house (photo will be presented below) are plant motifs. Each country has a different name for this style. However, Art Nouveau in the architecture of Russia took root under this name.

Main Features

When building a house in the Art Nouveau style, craftsmen strive to create a single object and spatial environment. For this, arcuate lines are used. It seems that they begin to flow into themselves.

Facade Features

When building a house in the Art Nouveau style, in most cases, architectsreinforced concrete and metal are used. They don't hide under plaster. Their direct aesthetic purpose comes to the fore. There are also many glass elements. We are talking about mosaics on the facades of houses, as well as stained-glass windows in window and doorways.

Key design features

What is the difference between modern? The houses look very interesting. Their main highlight is the image of the inside from the outside. Accordingly, the appearance indicates the aesthetics of the layout and the functionality of the building as a whole. As for the asymmetric facades and artistic processing, they embody the expediency and comfort of the premises. Very often there are houses in the Art Nouveau style, made of wood. They are usually decorated with the following elements:

1. Rough balconies.
2. Stairs.
3. Terraces.
4. Loggias.
5. Galleries.

They are distinguished by the presence of a number of doors and windows of different shapes and sizes.

Other destinations

A separate offshoot of the style is northern modern. Houses built in accordance with his canons are distinguished by their severity. This indicates the individuality of the climate. Other distinctive features of this style include bay windows, hexagonal windows and pointed roofs.

Special Current

There are layouts that are completely different from the projects of houses in the Art Nouveau style. In the 80s, the direction began to revive, but only with a new name. Of courseWell, we are talking about neomodern. The new style got rid of complex details and unnecessary frills. The architecture of these structures is more like office options than living quarters.

Features of wooden buildings

Beautiful Art Nouveau houses become so thanks to a kind of harmony. Sometimes the "wooden" direction is called mannered. This is the pinnacle of architectural creativity. It is distinguished by a smooth ornament and the elegance of individual lines. All this seems to be created by nature. The exterior and interior form a single whole. Every detail is chosen with taste bordering on the grotesque. All non-residential space is covered by a figurative and symbolic design and a single ornamental rhythm. The style grew out of the ruins of what was once Stalinist nomenklatura classicism. Domestic wooden modern is a mixture of styles and eras. As for the dynamics of the building, it translates into stained-glass windows and walls that are filled with inner beauty and impeccable proportions.

Modern realities

What, in essence, is modern? We are talking about complex compositions of different materials and textures, curved lines, ornaments and filigree plastic. As a rule, these are handmade or author's works that are made to order. Some elements are made in a single copy. In particular, this applies to decorative panels, wall and ceiling paintings, as well as forged fences. Accordingly, the implementation of the projectbecomes more complex and much more expensive. As for the implementation of house projects in this style, it is incredibly difficult. It requires close attention to all details and sophisticated drawing technique. Each element needs careful work.

Creating a design

Japanese ornaments and floral motifs are found everywhere. In particular, this applies to furniture colors, wallpaper patterns and tapestry fabrics. A kind of branches is formed by woven flexible strips. In the decoration of the walls you can see interesting shades of lilac, olive and silver. Thanks to such combinations, the illusion of the presence of wildlife is created. This is a kind of inspiration for artists.

Interior Features

Furniture in Art Nouveau houses is functional and decorative at the same time. Its upholstery is necessarily decorated with irises, thistles and tulips. The appearance of armchairs, couches and sofas is also distinguished by the presence of plant features. The stems are depicted as curved smooth lines. Currently, artificial aging of elements is very popular. It is used when decorating accessories and furniture. As for the houses in the Art Nouveau style, then there are glass vases and lamps. On them there are images of figures of non-existent animals. Here you rarely see the main ceiling lighting. The most commonly used floor lamps and lamps. The interior of these houses is different.ease and ease. A similar illusion can be achieved with the help of forged elements and transparent flowing fabrics. As for the modern manifestations of this style, whimsical accessories and ornate ornaments come to the fore. Handmade looks very original. In this case, the use of its expensive imitation is allowed. Indoors, steps and podiums are very common.

Historical information

Modern came to Moscow just in time. At that time, the fashion for the construction of turnkey houses began to spread. In this regard, freedom of creativity opened up for architects. This style has been very popular for two decades. Thus, many metropolitan architects now and then turned to its elements. With their use, many Moscow buildings were built. Examples include the following:

1. Yaroslavsky railway station.
2. Levinson Partnership Press.
3. TSUM.
4. Metropol Hotel.
5. The building of the insurance company "Russia".

Next, we will talk about tenement houses and private mansions.

Outstanding Buildings

In particular, two main estate projects stand out. They were attended by William Walcot, who is a famous British architect. He also made a significant contribution to the design of the Metropol Hotel. The estates are adjacent to each other in Prechistensky Lane. itspecial order MTSAO. At one time it was considered the main "developer" of the capital. Thanks to this company, the construction of several objects was initiated, which later turned into Art Nouveau monuments. We are talking about house number 10. It is made in accordance with the canons of laconic English Art Nouveau. The house was purchased by Maria Fyodorovna Yakunchikova, who was the wife of the owner of a textile factory and brick factories. Karl Gutheil became the owner of another structure. This refers to house number 8. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Karzinkin merchant family began to own the mansion. A few years ago the building was restored. It currently houses the Moroccan embassy. It is worth noting that modernity is not quite, however, characterized by such a symmetrical facade. There is a striking contrast between this house and the Yakunchikova mansion.