2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
Ivan Andreevich Krylov - Russian poet, playwright, translator and academician - is well known all over the world. The genre in which he is especially famous is the fable. Rooster and Cuckoo, Fox and Crow, Dragonfly and Ant, Donkey and Nightingale - these and many other images, allegorically denouncing various human vices, are familiar to us from childhood.
How Krylov became a fabulist
The poet began to compose fables almost by accident: he translated several works of the Frenchman La Fontaine, whom he loved from early youth, the experience turned out to be successful. Krylov's natural wit, subtle linguistic flair and a penchant for apt folk words coincided perfectly with his passion for this genre. The vast majority of more than two hundred Krylov's fables are original, created on the basis of personal experience and observations and have no analogues among the works of other fabulists.
Every nation has its own more or less famous author, who enriched the national treasury with fables and parables. In Germany it is Lessing and Saks, in Italy it is Faerno and Verdicotti, in France it is Audan and La Fontaine. The ancient Greek author Aesop plays a special role in the emergence and development of the genre. Wherever it was required to scoff at the phenomena thatdistort and distort life, a fable came to the rescue. The Rooster and the Cuckoo in Aesop or another poet may appear in the guise of other animals, insects or things, but the essence of the fable will remain unchanged: it cures immorality with satire.
Fable "Cuckoo and Rooster"
The plot is based on the dialogue of two badly singing birds. This is a very funny fable. The Rooster and the Cuckoo vied with each other to praise each other's singing. Everyone knows that the cry of a kochet is not at all melodic, it’s not for nothing that there is an expression “give a rooster” when it comes to a broken voice. The voice of the cuckoo is also difficult to call euphonious. Nevertheless, the Rooster favors the Cuckoo as the first singer of the forest, and she says that he sings "better than the bird of paradise." A flying Sparrow points out to soulmates that no matter how clever they are in praise, the truth is that their "music is bad."
But maybe the author laughs at them in vain, and the fable is unfair? The Rooster and the Cuckoo are good friends and support each other with a pleasant word - what's wrong with that? Let's look at the dynamics of the plot. At first, the Cuckoo is not far from the truth, she says that the Rooster sings loudly and importantly. He responds with more elaborate praise. The cuckoo favorably accepts flattering words, she is ready to “listen to them for a century”. The interlocutor's praises become even more colorful and do not correspond to reality at all, although the Rooster swears that the Cuckoo sings "what is your nightingale." She thanks, is zealous in mutual praise, and also “in good conscience” assures that everyone will confirm her words. And just at this momentSparrow refutes the immoderate speeches of both birds. The author skillfully emphasizes that the obsequious praise of the heroes is insincere, that in fact neither one nor the other feels the admiration that they talk about. Why do they do it? The moral of the fable "The Cuckoo and the Rooster" is obvious: only because they receive reciprocal flattery.
How did the work come about?
The fable was published in the popular collection "One Hundred Russian Writers" and provided with a caricature depicting two of Krylov's contemporaries - the novelist Nikolai Grech and the writer Faddey Bulgarin - in the form of Cuckoo and Rooster. This duet was known for the fact that both writers indefatigably praised each other in print publications. In the original version of the fable, the hint at real events looks brighter, and in morality the idea sounds that no matter how much the characters “cense” each other, their talent will not increase. In the final version, however, the idea is taken out of the scope of a special case. Thanks to this, this fable of Krylov became so relevant. The Rooster and the Cuckoo are often seen in each of us when we hypocritically praise someone in the hope of receiving flattering words.
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