Poetess Yulia Drunina: biography, creativity. Poems about love and war

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

Drunina Yulia Vladimirovna is a Russian poetess who, throughout her creative activity, carried the theme of war in her works. Born in 1924. Participated in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. For some time she was a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Died in 1991.

Of course, dry facts are not enough to understand what kind of woman Yulia Drunina is. Her biography is full of tragic stories, and poems and films are still being made about her last love. Therefore, first things first.

Childhood

On May 10, 1924, a girl was born in a Moscow maternity hospital, who was named Yulia. She was born into an intelligent family: her father taught history at a Moscow school, and her mother worked there as a librarian. They lived extremely poorly, huddled in a small communal room.

Despite everything, her father from childhood instilled in Yulia a love for books, for reading. Favorite authors already at an early time were the French writer Alexandre Dumas and the Soviet writer Lydia Charskaya. In their booksunlike the classics, which my father strongly recommended reading, many human emotions are described very brightly, very colorfully, truthfully and vitally - fear and courage, love and hatred, separation, betrayal and many others.

Julia, like many teenagers, believed that nothing is impossible in life, that life was given in order to experience all the unknown and unravel all the unsolved - Drunina was drawn to this throughout her life. She began writing poetry at an early age. Already in 1930, when she was 6 years old, she prepared a poem with which she won a competition dedicated to the Civil War.

We were sitting next to the school desk…

This was Drunina's first poem, which was published in the Teacher's Newspaper and also read on the radio. Parents did not believe in the success of their daughter. Father, Vladimir Drunin, tried himself in this activity, wrote several works, but did not achieve great success. During her studies, Drunina's poems were published more than once in the school wall newspaper. At this time, Yulia Drunina mostly wrote love poems, with beautiful stories, with knights, with princes, but often took on topics and notes necessary for school events. Over time, the fame of the poetess was assigned to the girl, and Yulia absolutely did not want to lose her. So, year after year, school days went on, and then the war suddenly broke out. Julia Drunina passed a huge test. Her biography was replenished with new interesting facts, heroic deeds, medals, orders.

Youth and war

June 22, 1941, thousands of young men andthe girls said goodbye to the school and met the dawn with the school company, among them was Yulia. No one could even imagine that this morning would be fatal for the entire Soviet people. At 5 am, the first explosions were heard, and announcements of a sudden offensive by troops were heard on the radio. The mass conscription into the ranks of the Soviet army immediately began.

Yulia Drunina, like many girls of that time, volunteered for the front in the forefront. The young girl was initially not allowed to the places of hostilities. While on the home front, she took nursing courses. For some time she worked in the District Society of the Red Cross.

At the end of the summer of 1941, German troops launched an active offensive against Moscow, Drunina was sent to the area of the city of Mozhaisk to build defensive shelters. Here, during an air attack, she was thrown away from her team, and she "nailed" to a group of young fighters who needed a nurse. It was during this period that Julia truly falls in love for the first time. Until now, neither the name nor the patronymic of this person is known. In all the works, he was simply a Kombat. For a long time, Yulia Drunina wrote poems about love for him, about his heroic deeds and steel character. Unfortunately, their acquaintance was very short. The battalion commander and two other soldiers were blown up by a mine, while Yulia herself was seriously stunned.

In the same 1941, when Drunina finally found herself back in her native Moscow, she and her whole family were sent to Siberia. Julia did not want to sit in the rear, but still went. The reason was good:the he alth of his father, who had suffered a stroke at the very beginning of the war. In 1942, after the second, Vladimir Drunin died in the arms of his daughter. After the funeral, Yulia Drunina decided to leave for Khabarovsk and again go to the front line.

In Khabarovsk, she entered the School of Junior Aviation Specialists. The study was hard. It soon became known that the girls who had completed their studies would not be allowed to fight, but only a reserve women's regiment would be formed. Yulia Drunina was not ready for this. The war-related biography does not end there just because at one time she graduated from nursing courses. By the decision of the supreme commander, it was decided to send the nurses to the battlefields. So she ended up in the second Belorussian front, in the sanitary department.

Meet Zinka

At this time, there is a meeting of two girls-nurses, who were bound by friendship during the difficult time of the war. Zinaida Samsonova - senior sergeant of the medical service. She not only fearlessly carried wounded soldiers from the battlefield, but also skillfully used machine guns and grenades. For all the time spent in the war, more than fifty Soviet soldiers were saved by her hands and a dozen German soldiers were killed. But on January 27, 1944, during an offensive in the Gomel region, while trying to pull out a wounded soldier, she was killed by a German sniper's bullet. She was only 19 years old. The poetess could not remain indifferent to this. "Zinka" by Yulia Drunina is one of the most popular at presentpoems, it contains lines about the death of a friend, a brave girl Zinaida Samsonova:

Zinka led us to attack…

We didn't expect posthumous fame, We wanted to live with fame.

…Why in bloody bandages

The blond soldier is lying down?"

Severe injury to Yulia Drunina

In 1943, Yulia was wounded in battle: a fragment bounced off a shell entered her neck, miraculously not hitting the carotid artery, to which there were some 5 mm. Julia, as a strong fighter, did not attach due importance to the injury. Deciding that it was just a scratch, she wrapped a bandage around her neck and continued to serve as a nurse. Without saying anything to anyone (and it wasn’t before then), she saved the fighters day after day, carried them out of battles, from battles. But one day Drunina lost consciousness - she came to her senses only in a hospital bed.

I didn’t have a chance to return from the hospital to the ranks. She was on a commission for some time for he alth reasons. Returning to Moscow, deciding to continue his studies, he submits documents to the Literary Institute, but Drunin does not drive away the thought of returning to the ranks. Poems, by coincidence, did not pass the selection stage. The girl returns to the front again. This time she was assigned to the 1038th self-propelled artillery regiment of the 3rd B altic Front. In 1944, during one of the battles, she was shell-shocked. Thus ended her military service.

Over the years, she has received the rank of foreman of the medical service, was awarded the Order of the Red Star and the medal "For Courage".

The war left an imprint on creativity. Over the years, Yulia Drunina wrote poems about war and death every free minute. Many of them were included in collections of military works.

Post-war life

In 1944, Drunina decides to still attend classes at the Literary Institute. Moreover, this time she starts her studies in the middle of the year and without entrance exams. No one dares to refuse her. Attends classes in a pea jacket and tarpaulin boots. Yulia Drunina writes poems about the war, in which each line is riddled with grief, deeds and courage. She did not take her collections to publishing houses, only occasionally asked one of her friends to grab her works too. Perhaps that is why the fame of the poet came to her only after her death.

Family

Among her classmates, she meets a young guy named Nikolai, who, like her, is declared unfit for military service. For some time the couple meets, and soon they register their marriage.

In 1946 a child is born in the family - the daughter of Yulia Drunina and Nikolai Starshinov. Trouble with a small child took a lot of time. The young mother had no strength left either for study or for poetry. There was no money in the house, and Yulia did not know how to run a household: she was not good at even an elementary dinner.

Nikolai Starshinov after a long time shared his memories of his wife's culinary skills: “Once,” he said, “she fed me soup, which was quite s alty and had a strange color. Only after the divorce, Yulia admitted to me that they were scraps of potatoes in their skins, boiledher mother. I confess that I have never eaten a tastier soup.”

Nikolai and Yulia divorced in 1960.

Last love

While still married, Yulia meets screenwriter Alexei Kapler. Love broke out between them almost immediately, but Drunina has been struggling with this feeling for six years, trying to save her family. Yet love is stronger. Yulia and Alexei lived in perfect harmony for almost twenty years, neither the age difference nor the hard fate of a Russian woman was an obstacle.

Now Julia Drunina dedicated love poems only to him - Alexei Kapler. In 1979, having failed to defeat the difficult stage of oncology, the husband dies. For Julia, this was an irreparable loss. She never learned to live without him.

Death of Yulia Drunina

For some time the Soviet woman, the great poetess, tried to return to a full life, but it turned out to be impossible. A fighter in life, Yulia Drunina could not let go of her creativity, and it became impossible to live and see how the country was collapsing.

Tried her hand in politics, trying to defend the rights of participants in the Great Patriotic War, the rights of people who returned from the war in Afghanistan. But none of this worked. So not finding meaning in life, she decides to commit suicide.

November 20, 1991 her body was found in the garage of her own house: she suffocated with car exhaust fumes. Her first husband, among the reasons that pushed Yulia Drunina to take such a desperate step, also called the fact that she did not want to grow old. She was afraid of old age and helplessness. Julia wanted to always stay young, but illness and age, unfortunately, did not allow her to do this. This is how the great wartime poet Drunina Yulia Vladimirovna ended her life. She was buried next to Alexei Kapler at the Starokrymsky cemetery.

Last poem

I'm leaving, I have no strength. Only from afar

(I'm still baptized!) I'll pray

For people like you - for the elect

Keep Rus over the cliff.

But I'm afraid that you are powerless.

Because I choose death.

How Russia is going downhill, I can't, I don't want to watch!"

In her last work, she named the true cause of her death. And some time later, the USSR was completely collapsed.

Yulia Drunina… The biography of this woman will not leave anyone indifferent. Some condemn her for leaving life, others are sympathetic to this decision, but everyone admits that she left, leaving a part of her soul in her poems.

The most popular works: "Uncompressed rye swings", "Don't meet your first love", "Zinka" by Yulia Drunina. They are still read by heart by schoolchildren and adult children, which confirms the fact that the life of a military woman, a famous poetess, was not lived in vain.