Postmodernism in painting. Representatives of postmodernism

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

Postmodernism in painting is a modern trend in fine arts that appeared in the 20th century and is quite popular in Europe and America.

Postmodernism

The very name of this style is translated as "after modern". But postmodernism cannot be perceived so unambiguously. This is not only a direction in art - it is an expression of the human worldview, a state of mind. Postmodernism is a way to express yourself. The main features of this style are the opposition to realism, the denial of norms, the use of ready-made forms, and irony.

Postmodernism arose as a way to resist modernity. This style flourished in the second half of the 20th century. The term "postmodernism" was first used in 1917 in an article that criticized Nietzsche's theory of the superman.

The concepts of postmodernism are:

• This is the result of politics and neo-conservative ideology, which are characterized by eclecticism, fetishism.
• Umberto Eco (who will be discussed below) defined this genre as a mechanism that serves to change one era in culture to another.
• Postmodernism is a way of rethinking the past, because it cannot be destroyed.
• This is a unique period based on a special understanding of the world.
• X. Leten and S. Suleiman believed that postmodernism cannot be considered an integral artistic phenomenon.
• This is an era whose main feature was the belief that the mind is omnipotent.

Postmodernism in art

For the first time this style appeared in two types of art - postmodernism in painting and in literature. The first notes of this direction appeared in the novel by Hermann Gasse "Steppenwolf". This book is a desktop book for representatives of the hippie subculture. In literature, representatives of the “postmodernism” trend are such writers as: Umberto Eco, Tatiana Tolstaya, Jorge Borges, Victor Pelevin. One of the most famous novels in this style is The Name of the Rose. The author of this book is Umberto Eco. In the art of cinema, the very first film created in the postmodern style was the film Freaks. The genre of the movie is horror. The brightest representative of postmodernism in cinema is Quentin Tarantino.

This style makes no attempt to create any universal canon. The only value here is the freedom of the creator and the absence of restrictions for self-expression. The main principle of postmodernism is "everything is allowed".

Fine arts

Postmodernism in painting of the 20th century proclaimed its main idea - there is no particular difference between a copy and an original. Postmodern artists successfully demonstrated this idea in their paintings - creating them, then rethinking, transforming what had already been created earlier.

Postmodernism in painting arose on the basis of modernism, which once rejected the classics, everything academic, but in the end it itself moved into the category of classical art. Painting has reached a new level. As a result, there was a return to the period that preceded modernism.

Russia

Postmodernism in Russian painting flourished in the 90s of the twentieth century. The brightest in this direction of fine arts were artists from the creative group "Own":

• A. Menuus.
• Hyper-Dupper.
• M. Tkachev.
• Max-Maksyutin.
• A. Win.
• P. Veshchev.
• S. Nosova.
• D. Angelica.
• B. Kuznetsov.
• M. Kotlin.

The creative group "SVOI" is a single organism, assembled from diverse artists.

Russian postmodernism in painting is fully consistent with the basic principle of this trend.

Artists who worked in this genre

The most famous representatives of postmodernism in painting:

• Joseph Beuys.
• Ubaldo Bartolini.
• B. Mosquito.
• Francesco Clemente.
• A. Melamid.
• Nicolas de Maria.
• M. Merz.
• Sandro Kia.
• Omar Galliani.
• Carlo Maria Mariani.
• Luigi Ontani.
• Paladino.

Joseph Beuys

This German artist was born in 1921. Joseph Beuys is a prominent representative of the "postmodernism" movement in painting. Paintings and art objects of this artist strive to exhibit in all museums of contemporary art. Josef's talent for drawing manifested itself in childhood. From an early age he was engaged in painting and music. Repeatedly visited the studio of the artist Achilles Murtgat. While still a schoolboy, J. Beuys read a large number of books on biology, art, medicine and zoology. Since 1939, the future artist combined his studies at school with work in the circus, where he looked after animals. In 1941, after leaving school, he volunteered for the Luftwaffe. He first served as a radio operator, then became a rear gunner on a bomber. During the war, Josef painted a lot and began to think seriously about a career as an artist. In 1947, J. Beuys entered the Academy of Arts, where he later taught and received the title of professor. In 1974, he opened the Free University, where everyone could enter to study without age restrictions and without entrance exams. His paintings consisted of drawings in watercolor and lead point depicting various animals, resembling rock paintings. He was also a sculptor and worked in the style of expressionism, sculpting tombstones to order. Joseph Beuys died in 1986 in Düsseldorf.

Francesco Clemente

Another world-famous representative of the "postmodernism" style in painting is the Italian artist Francesco Clemente. He was born in Naples in 1952. The first exhibition of his work was held in Rome, in 1971, when he was 19 years old. The artist traveled a lot, visitedAfghanistan, in India. His wife was a theater actress. Francesco Clemente adored India and visited there very often. He fell in love with the culture of this country so much that he even collaborated with Indian miniaturists and paper craftsmen - he painted gouache miniatures on handmade paper. Fame brought to the artist paintings, which depicted erotic images of often mutilated parts of the human body, many of his creations were made by him in very rich colors. In the early 1980s, he painted a series of oil paintings. In the 90s of the twentieth century, he began to work in a new technique for himself - a wax fresco. The works of F. Clemente took part in a large number of exhibitions in different countries. His most convincing works are those in which he conveys his own mood, his mental anguish, fantasies and hobbies. One of his last exhibitions took place in 2011. Francesco Clemente still lives and works in New York, but often visits India.

Sandro Kia

Another Italian artist who represents postmodernism in painting. A photo of one of the works of Sandro Chia is shown in this article.

He is not only a painter, he is also a graphic artist and a sculptor. Fame came to him in the 80s of the twentieth century. Sandro Chia was born in Italy in 1946. Educated in his native city, Florence. After studying, he traveled a lot, looking for an ideal place of residence for himself, as a result of his search in 1970 he began to live in Rome, and in 1980 he moved to New York. York. Now S. Kia lives either in Miami or in Rome. The artist's works began to be exhibited both in Italy and in other countries - in the 70s. Sandro Chia has his own artistic language, which is filled with irony. In his works, bright saturated colors. Many of his paintings depict male figures of a heroic appearance. In 2005, the President of Italy awarded Sandro Chia with a gold medal for his contribution to the development of culture and art. A huge number of paintings by the artist are in museums in Germany, Japan, Switzerland, Israel, Italy and other countries.

Mimmo Paladino

Italian postmodern artist. Born in the southern part of the country. Graduated from the College of Arts. In the revival of fine arts in the 70s, he played one of the leading roles. He mainly worked in the technique of tempera fresco. In 1980, in Venice, his works were presented for the first time at an exhibition, among the paintings of other postmodern artists. Among them were such names as Sandro Chia, Nicola de Maria, Francesco Clemente and others. A year later, the Basel Art Museum organized a personal exhibition of paintings by Mimmo Paladino. Then there were several more personalities in other cities of Italy. In addition to painting, the artist was a sculptor.

He sculpted his first works in 1980. His sculptures gained popularity almost immediately. They were exhibited in London and Paris in the most prestigious halls. In the 1990s, Mimmo created his cycle of 20 white sculptures made in mixed media. Painterreceived the title of honorary member of the Royal Academy of Art in London. Also, M. Paladino is the author of scenery for theater performances in Rome and Argentina. Painting played a leading role in Mimmo's life.