Types of literature and their purpose. Types of fiction

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

Literature is an amoebic concept (in equal terms, as well as types of literature): throughout the centuries-old development of human civilization, it inevitably changed both in form and in content. One can confidently speak about the evolution of this type of art on a global scale or be strictly limited to certain periods of time or a specific region (ancient literature, the Middle Ages, Russian literature of the 19th century and others), nevertheless, one must perceive it as a true art of the word and an integral part of the worldwide cultural process.

Art of the word

Traditionally, when talking about literature, an individual means fiction. This concept (often used as a synonym - "the art of the word") arose on the fertile soil of oral folk art. However, unlike him, literature currently exists not in oral form, but in written form (from Latin lit (t) eratura - literally “written”, from lit (t) era - literally “letter”). Fiction uses words and constructions of written (natural human) language as a single material. Literature andother types of art are similar to each other. But its specificity is determined in comparison with the types of art that use other material instead of linguistic-verbal (fine arts, music) or together with it (songs, theater, cinema), on the other hand - with other types of verbal text: scientific, philosophical, journalistic, etc. In addition, fiction combines any author's (including anonymous) works, in contrast to works of folklore that clearly do not have a specific author.

Three main genders

Types and types of literature are significant associations of verbal and artistic works according to the category of the relationship of the “speaker” (speaking) to the artistic whole. Officially, there are three main genera:

• epic: novel, epic, short story, story, essay, short story, essay, fable;
• lyrical: madrigal, hymn, ode, thought, message, idyll, epigram, elegy, epitaph, epithalama;
• dramatic: drama, tragedy, tragicomedy, comedy, vaudeville, melodrama, farce.

Types and genres of literature

In the most common classification, all types of fiction are distributed within the literary genre. They can be epic, which include a story, a novel, and a short story; lyrical poems include; ballads and poems are lyrical; dramaturgy can be divided into drama, tragedy and comedy. Literary types can be distinguishedfrom each other in terms of the number of characters and storylines, volume, functions and content. In different periods of the history of literature, one species can be represented in different genres. For example: philosophical and psychological novels, detective novels, social and picaresque. Theoretically, Aristotle began to divide works into types of literature in his treatise called Poetics. His work was continued in modern times by the French poet-critic Boileau and the German writer Lessing.

Literature typing

Editing and publishing preparation, that is, the selection of written essays for subsequent editions, is usually carried out by the publishing editor. But it is quite difficult for an ordinary user to accurately navigate in the boundless sea of literary works. It is more expedient to use a systematic approach, namely, you need to clearly distinguish between the types of literature and their purpose.

• The novel is an impressive form of work, which has a huge number of characters with a fairly developed and closely related system of relationships between them. A novel can be historical, family, philosophical, adventure and social.
• Epic - a series of works, less often single, invariably covering a significant historical era or a significant large-scale event.

Novela is a primary genre of narrative prose, much shorter than a novel or short story. It is customary to call a set of stories a short story, and a writer a short story writer

Not the lastfrom significant

Comedy is a creation that ridicules individual or social shortcomings, focusing on especially awkward and ridiculous situations

Song is the oldest type of poetry, without which the category "types of fiction" would not be complete. The work is a poetic form with many verses and refrains. There are: folk, lyrical, heroic and historical

Fable - prose, but more often poetic, a work of a moralistic, moralistic and satirical nature

Story - a literary work of a certain, often small, size, which tells about a separate event in the life of a character

Myth - narration is also included in the section "types of literature" and brings future generations the idea of ancestors about the universe, heroes and gods

A lyrical poem is an expression of the author's emotional experiences in a poetic form convenient for him

Essay is a narrative, a subspecies of the epic, which reliably tells about real events, facts

A story is a work similar in structure to a story, but differing in volume. The story can tell about several events in the life of the main characters at once

Melodrama - deservedly continues the list of the category "types of literature", this is a narrative dramatic work, characterized by a categorical division of heroes into positive and negative

• Tragedy is a subspecies of drama that tells about a hard fate, sometimes leading to the death of a character.

Literature and modernity

Life itself every day more and more insistently convinces everyone that the level of consistency and unity of book publications, newspaper and magazine materials is one of the main criteria for the effectiveness of society education. Naturally, the initial stage of acquaintance with literature (not counting children's literature) starts at school. Therefore, any methodological recommendations for teachers of literature contain various types of lessons in literature, which help to convey the necessary knowledge in an accessible form for the perception of the child.

Individual choice

It is difficult to overestimate the role of literature in the life of a modern person, because books have brought up more than one generation. It was they who helped people comprehend both the world around them and themselves, stimulated the desire for truth, moral principles and knowledge, taught them to respect the past. Unfortunately, literature and other art forms are often underestimated in modern society. There is a certain category of individuals who declare that literature has already outlived its usefulness, it has been fully replaced by television and cinema. But whether or not to take advantage of the opportunity that books provide is an individual choice for everyone.