"Frost and sun" - interpretation of a poem by A. S. Pushkin

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

"Pushkin is our everything!" These words, familiar from childhood, deeply and truly shade the essence of Pushkin's poetry. It really has everything: a light, bright sadness of unfulfilled hopes, and a wise acceptance of the not always fair laws of life, and a bright faith with friendship and love, and most importantly, an understanding of the pricelessness of every moment of our earthly existence. That is why the motto for all the poet’s work can be taken from the lines of his “Bacchic Song”: “Long live the sun, let the darkness hide!”

"Winter morning" - on the subject of the poem

In Pushkin's lyrics, everything is so harmonious and proportionate that it is sometimes difficult to isolate the main theme of the poem or its idea. For example, what are these lines that we have memorized since elementary school: “Frost and sun, a wonderful day”? About the beauty of a clear winter morning? Or about the joy of the lyrical hero about the finally settled weather after a stormy bad weather? Or about his happiness from the fact that the night has passed, and the dawn sparkles on the frosty patterns of glass, and life-giving warmth flows from the burning stove, and next to it is sleepy, sweet, beloved … What is the poem dedicated toFrost and sun…? Landscape lyrics, love, philosophical? To understand this, you should analyze the work.

Composition

According to its compositional structure, "Winter Morning" can be attributed to a monologue poem with elements of dialogue. The lyrical hero - the poet - addresses the "dear friend", calling to wake up from sleep, to enjoy the bright colors of a fabulously beautiful morning. He is delighted with the landscape opening out of the window: the boundless Russian expanses and the expanse of mother winter. In the poem "Frost and Sun …" we do not hear replies. In the foreground, only he is an enthusiastic poet, his soul overflowing with emotions. The beloved is given only in hints, strokes: “… you were sitting sad …”, “… now look out the window …”, etc. However, the lovely picture “Frost and Sun …” has one more hero, no less important than the poet. This is Russian nature, the perfection of which takes his breath away. The internal states of both - man and nature - are in complete unity and harmony.

Contrast and its role

Pushkin built "Frost and Sun…" not only as a lyrical monologue of a man open to the joys and beauty of the world. The poet also used the technique of contrast. It is set from the very first stanza: “wonderful day / you are still dozing”, towards the “northern Aurora” (dawn) appear as a “star of the north” (that is, no less beautiful than the dawn itself). Such a contrast with a hidden comparison is quite characteristic of Pushkin's figurative system. The entire second stanza is a descriptionwinter storm and spiritual despondency, pale tones and semi-shades. But the last line in it is completely opposite in meaning and is a kind of bridge that allows you to logically move on to admiring the Russian winter fairy tale. She intrigues, bewitches, excites. In the third stanza, we see the contrast of the sparkling white snows and the dark strip of the forest, but they are more in a dialectical unity than a real opposition. Similar moments can be traced further throughout the text. Thus, the poem "Frost and the Sun …", as a work of genius, harmoniously unites different phenomena, finding the finest points of contact between them.

From life to life

Pushkin has no trifles. Everything is important in his poetry: color, objectivity, sound background, even smells. For example, the fourth stanza. It would seem that it is special? The usual furnishings of the room: a stove, a stove bench, probably a shelf with books, a window as an exit to the outside world. Meanwhile, how “delicious”, temptingly everything is described in this part of the poem “Frost and Sun, a wonderful day”! The room is illuminated with an amber glow, that is, warm, golden, permeated by the sun; dust particles dance in the air; everything seems so joyful and bright, as in childhood. From this it logically follows not just any, but precisely the “cheerful” crackle of fire in the furnace. Its reflections through the shutter are mixed with sunbeams. All together creates that atmosphere of comfort, cheerfulness, happiness of being and fullness of sensations, which are so rare and therefore so valuable in our life. Every detail matters here, anda book that is “pleasant to think with” and a “brown filly” that can be ridden “in the morning snow.”

Theme and Idea

What is the theme and idea of the poem? What did the poet want to say? Of course, the work belongs to the genre of landscape lyrics, more precisely - landscape-psychological, because the perception of nature here is not given in the abstract, but through the internal state of the lyrical hero - the poet. We see it through his eyes, his feelings become already our feelings. But there is no mechanical imposition, by no means! Our own life and aesthetic experience is the indicator that verifies the veracity of the tone of Pushkin's lyre. And this indicator suggests: the poet is truthful in every line! Thus, the theme of the poem is man and nature, the relationship of the human soul with the natural world. And the idea is to show how, under the influence of the beauty of nature, the creative component in a person awakens.