Velimir Khlebnikov: biography, interesting facts from life, photo

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

The biography of Velimir Khlebnikov strikes and surprises, because how one person could literally change history in his short life. Now they talk about this poet and writer, write books, make films. And only a small fraction of people are familiar with the true biography of Velimir Khlebnikov. Let's find out how the Russian figure deserved such close attention and recognition from his admirers.

The beginning of the journey (childhood)

Velimir Khlebnikov's biography contains many amazing facts, and one of them is his name. In fact, the poet's name was Viktor Vladimirovich Khlebnikov, but the figure often used the well-known pseudonym - Velimir. The prose writer also wrote under the name "E. Luneva".

Velimir Khlebnikov's biography began in 1885 (November 9), when the future great poet was born into a family of scientists. His father was an ornithologist, and his mother studied and taught history. Maloderbetovsky ulus is considered his homeland.(Astrakhan province), now these lands are included in the territory of Kalmykia.

It's amazing, but the future prose writer and poet initially graduated from the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics, but at the same time Velimir created small plays. So, as a 19-year-old student, he sent one of his works for publication to a publishing house that was supervised under the auspices of Maxim Gorky. However, the first attempt was not successful. On this, the creative biography of Velimir Khlebnikov did not end, but, on the contrary, began to gain an unusual turn.

Student years

It is almost impossible to write a short biography of Velimir Khlebnikov, because he is a truly outstanding person. It seemed that he always wanted to succeed, but he constantly chose the wrong path. So, in 1904, the figure continued his studies at the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics, and four years later he decided to become a philologist and historian in one person. However, he could not continue his studies and after three courses he filed for dismissal.

During his studies, Viktor Vladimirovich was fond of ornithology, like his father, Vladimir Alekseevich. In 1903, the figure was able to visit Dagestan, and two years later he would go to the Northern Urals. It is possible that regular expeditions and the upbringing of his father developed a craving for writing in the poet, because even before the first plays he made a lot of notes that affected not only birds, but also psychology, biology, philosophy, and ethics. We can say that the first publications in the biography of Velimir Khlebnikov were articles about ornithology.

Symbolism as the beginning of a creative path

If you tell a short biography of Velimir Khlebnikov, you can see that the poet had a difficult and difficult fate. As a 22-year-old guy, the future prose writer entered the circle of symbolists. Symbolism is a direction in art, where certain symbols are often used, giving a certain mystery to literature or painting.

Viktor Vladimirovich was fond of paganism and Russian culture, which is why he often used descriptions or details in his writings. The young figure managed to get acquainted with Sergei Gorodetsky and Alexander Blok. It can be said that the prose writer was inspired by symbolism as a special direction in art, which is why he created works where fictional pagan deities were often mentioned, which never existed in the original.

Creativity in the biography of Velimir Khlebnikov plays a significant role, because the prose writer clearly mentions Slavic mythology in his works. This is evidenced by his works, such as "The Appeal of Slavic Students". But if symbolism was not eradicated in the Russian Empire, then pan-Slavism, which called people to military action in troubled times, could be punishable in relation to the poet. This ideology, which affected the biography and work of Velimir Khlebnikov, called for the forced unification of all Slavs in Eastern Europe.

Love and craving for symbolism never left the Russian figure, only sometimes his interest switched to Eastern religion. Subsequently, this played a big role and after a series ofpopular works such as "The Menagerie", Viktor Vladimirovich began to study Sanskrit (the ancient language of India) and entered the Faculty of Oriental Languages.

Creative path

A bright event in the biography of Velimir Khlebnikov was a trip to the apartment of Vyacheslav Ivanov, where an event took place that literally made the pseudonym of the figure. Then Viktor Vladimirovich visited the famous "Tower" in St. Petersburg, where the poet V. Ivanov lived. Unique personalities such as Korney Chukovsky, Alexander Blok, Nikolai Gumilyov, Sergey Gorodetsky, Anna Akhmatova, Asya Turgeneva gathered in this historical place. It was in this apartment that all future poets and writers, circus performers and artists, musicians and scientists christened Viktor with the famous pseudonym throughout Russia - Velimir.

It was communication with outstanding personalities that began to create an unusual creative biography of the poet Velimir Khlebnikov. In the "Tower" the figure met Mayakovsky and Burliuk, and later, together with them, published a collection of poems "The Garden of Judges". Unlike poets, Viktor Vladimirovich could not get used to the idea that he was dubbed a futurist, so he created a new word - "budetlyane", which, translated from the poet's personal language, meant "future".

Another unusual fact in the brief biography of Velimir Khlebnikov: the figure was seriously fond of creating new words, and some of them reached the new generation in the 21st century. For example, the word "airplane" belongs to VictorVladimirovich.

Hard times

An interesting fact from the biography of Velimir Khlebnikov: the Russian poet and prose writer was a real rebel, which affected his lifestyle. Even at the peak of his creative career, the man was forced to wander through cold rooms, eating cheap cereals and stale bread. He lived only on the money that he received from his parents. Sometimes Khlebnikov gave history lessons or posted his works in magazines, but this income was not even enough to somehow improve his life and live like everyone else. These difficult periods are often reflected in Viktor Vladimirovich's poems and articles.

Despite this, judging by the brief biography of Velimir Khlebnikov, we can say that the man was always true to his interests and did not succumb to other people's influence. For this, he could thank his rebelliousness and desire to constantly develop, experiment. His life is somewhat reminiscent of the fate of the hero Jack London in the book "Martin Eden", only Velimir's desire was caused by love for the creation of new words, for philosophical reflection, but not for a woman.

Unusual facts and events

Interesting facts from the biography and life of Velimir Khlebnikov will help the reader to know the character of the Russian figure and his way of life. For example, due to the fact that the poet often moved from one living space to another, many manuscripts were lost during the move. Despite the craving for creativity and love for records, Viktor Vladimirovich did not take care of his work, which is why until nowit is still unknown how many poems and plays were actually created.

The friends of the figure spoke about absent-mindedness and negligence, recalling one incident from life: during the next expedition, Velimir had to kindle a fire in the steppe on a cold night, where there was not a single tree or bush. In order not to freeze, the writer calmly began to burn his work.

Other interesting facts:

• Viktor Vladimirovich was not of this world. If his craving for mysticism and myths could be understood, then how to explain the nicknames that the poet gave himself? He often called himself a Martian, and later, when he began to study Sanskrit, he called him a yogi.
• This is truly a unique person, of which there are very few in Russia. The outlook of the figure is so wide that it included such disciplines as chemistry, biology and mathematics. At the same time, Khlebnikov was fond of the Japanese language, studied in detail the works of Plato and Spinoza, and tried to become a musician.
• If we talk briefly about the biography and work of Velimir Khlebnikov, then this man had an inflammable craving for adventure and travel. He was attracted by the Caucasus, Baku, Northern Iran. Behind the writer's shoulders lay the path through the Caspian steppes and Persia.

Strange behavior of the doer

There are still disputes about Khlebnikov's mental he alth. Some argued that the young prose writer was obsessed with his own interests, which justify his strange, eccentric behavior. Someone, on the contrary, said that this person is simply peculiar, which is why he managed to create truly masterpiece works.

Describedfigure like this: "He was impractical, but at the same time he burned with creativity. He was ready to sacrifice his last pants for the sake of creating a new work." Indeed, many noted that they were put into a stupor by the sudden appearance of the poet in burlap instead of pants, and sometimes even in just underwear. He had practically no money for new clothes, so everything had worn holes in everything, and the fabric looked like it was washed floors. Some people were so surprised by this that out of pity they sewed things for the writer from old curtains. Such an act was made by Rita Wright, who could not watch Khlebnikov's hard life.

Steel character

The biography of Velimir Khlebnikov (the photo of the writer is given in the article) shows that he had extraordinary mental abilities, as well as a rebellious spirit and absolute indifference to any moral principles. This man was always immersed in himself, was in constant reflection. Sometimes he spoke in such a way that he had to come close to Velimir in order to hear at least something from his speech.

Despite all the oddities, Viktor Vladimirovich created such talented and eloquent lines that many experienced poets and prose writers could envy. No one knew what worried the Russian leader. Perhaps his failed work or the inability to know the truth. Unfortunately, Velimir's entire career fell on the Civil War, which led to even greater chaos in the state.

All his life, even despite poverty, writer, ornithologist, philologist andthe historian in one person tried to create a new discipline that would combine mathematics with history, linguistics with poetry. At first glance, such a task is impossible to accomplish, but Velimir Khlebnikov believed in his dream, and therefore he always tried to travel as soon as possible, communicate with unique and interesting people, study the history of his state and make predictions for the future.

Farewell to the author

In the last years of his life, Viktor Vladimirovich traveled a lot. He managed to visit both Persia and Baku. At the same time, the figure created manuscripts, preparing one of the major books in his life, The Boards of Destiny. Ultimately, it was supposed to be a philosophical treatise, or a book with the author's reflections. In just two years, Velimir published such famous poems as "Chairman of the Cheka" and "The Night Before the Soviets", radio articles and obituaries dedicated to Gumilyov and Blok.

At the end of 1921, the writer went to Moscow, and then went back to St. Petersburg. He lived there for a short time and six months later, for unknown reasons, he moved to live in Santalovo (village). His friends noted that already during this period the appearance of the author had changed a lot: he became haggard, emaciated, became pale, like a shadow. When Velimir Khlebnikov reached the village, his condition was already unstable. The people around thought that the figure was suffering from consumption, because he had no appetite at all, but there was a constant strong cough. A few weeks later, the legs began to fail, and the doctor ruled that the nerves of the lower extremities were affected.

Subsequently, Viktor Vladimirovich developed mental disorders, and the symptoms resembled classical dementia: memory lapses were filled with false memories, confusion and hallucinations began to appear. But what kind of dementia appears in young people who are barely 36 years old? The writer raved that all his friends wanted to steal his manuscripts with poems, reflections and plays. No one was able to provide full-fledged treatment in the village, so over time, the figure began to swell the limbs and bedsores began to appear. The author did not make it to the end of June and died on the 22nd in 1922.

Summing up

Those who knew Velimir Khlebnikov say that he is an unusual person and there are very few of them in the world. He dreamed of his desire to write, which is why he created hundreds of poems, which he then burned himself. This was a man under whose pen masterpieces were born, although Velimir himself sometimes did not know about it. An interesting fact, but the writer always kept the most valuable works in the pillow, because when moving, you always had to take it with you. However, Viktor Vladimirovich managed to lose his manuscripts.

His non-standard behavior was studied by psychiatrists from the capital and St. Petersburg, because it was believed that a Russian leader deviates from military service only in such an unusual way. It was repeatedly admitted that Khlebnikov was mentally ill and was subject to research, but he was never seriously treated.