Kant, Critique of Pure Reason: criticism, content

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

Increasingly, modern people return to the thoughts of philosophers who lived many years before they were born. Thus, each person seeks answers to his questions, shares or denies the opinion of another, finds his own path or loses it. Philosophy is a completely unpredictable science, which cannot be fully explained in words. Therefore, absolutely everyone can look at things from this point of view. So, one of the most prominent German representatives of philosophy is considered to be Immanuel Kant. His life was closely intertwined with two eras: Enlightenment and Romanticism. Perhaps because of this, his works are so interesting, and his thoughts are amazing, unexpected and ingenious.

The story of Immanuel Kant

German philosopher born in 1724. His family was not rich, but the boy was given a prestigious education at the elite gymnasium Friedrichs-College". In 1740, Kant entered the university, but he failed to complete his studies. The reason for such a gloomy event was the death of Father Immanuel, after which the young man became the main breadwinner of the whole family. However, the German scientist found a way out of the predicament and began to teach at home. Thus, Kant worked for ten years, which were not in vain, since during this period he managed to defend his dissertation, get a doctorate, develop and publish a cosmic hypothesis of the origin of the solar system, and also had the right to teach at the university. Having survived many unpleasant events, to which the Seven Years' War (1758-1762) is attributed, Kant began a new stage in his work. They call it "critical".

Stages of creativity of the German philosopher

Let's take a closer look at the work of the outstanding philosopher. Before writing the Critique of Pure Reason, a summary of which anyone can read today, Immanuel Kant worked on cosmic hypotheses, put forward the idea of the origin of human races, proposed a genealogical classification of the animal world, studied the ebbs and flows on the planet, their role and place in the life of the earth. All these achievements today belong to the "sub-critical" stage of creativity. All works after 1770 are devoted to issues of epistemology, metaphysical problems of being, knowledge of man, state, morality and aesthetics.

The "critical" stage of Kant's work

Starting from 1770, the work of Immanuel Kant becamecall it "critical". It was during this period that he wrote the best philosophical works, thanks to which he is today considered the great and distinguished thinker of the eighteenth century. Note that the works of the German scientist were so unique and truthful that they have some influence even today. Most philosophers stick to Kant's work, relying entirely on his thoughts and assumptions. The most popular works of Immanuel Kant are the Critique of Pure Reason, the Critique of Practical Reason and the Critique of Judgment. They were characterized in the following order: epistemology, ethics, aesthetics.

Kant's brutal regime

At a certain stage of his life, the philosopher's he alth and well-being deteriorated significantly. In order to continue to work and learn about the world, himself, those around him, Kant developed an individual hard mode. It is believed that thanks to him, Immanuel managed to live such a long life and die later than all his friends.

The main credo of the philosopher was to use his mind under any conditions. In his opinion, for this it was necessary to have real courage. Information from Kant's personal life may indicate that he never married. This was due to the fact that in his youth he could not provide for the chosen one (in material terms), and when this issue was resolved, the philosopher no longer had a desire to marry. Perhaps thanks to seclusion, Immanuel Kant managed to write such amazing works, among which the Critique of Pure Reason is a fundamental work.

PhilosophicalKant's work

It is believed that Immanuel Kant had only three major works that changed his life and worldview of many people in the world. After 1770, the philosopher worked on his books, but only in 1781 did he manage to publish the first of them.

The Critique of Pure Reason is the foundation of the next two books. Perhaps some of them will seem completely different, but still their connection is inextricable. Immanuel Kant describes the following in this work: criticism is the key to the study of a person’s own mind. Therefore, all people should not only adequately relate to it, but also desire it. It is in this way that a person will unravel a piece of his own mind. The Critique of Pure Reason (Immanuel Kant) covers issues of space, time, the possibility of using mental activity to prove the existence of God, and so on.

Kant has been thinking about his first work for more than ten years, so every word described in the work is weighted and carries some meaning, which needs to be read between the lines. However, it took Immanuel only a few months to write the Critique of Pure Reason.

More about the work

Probably, in order to understand what is at stake, it is necessary to characterize the work "Critique of Pure Reason" briefly. In this case, some aspects of the work can be discussed. But still, the effect will be only when a person reads everything in full, thinks about each sentence and is imbued with a book. Then people will have questions, an idea of what they really wanted.convey to others the German philosopher.

A truly unpredictable person was Immanuel Kant. The Critique of Pure Reason proved this, for no one in the world has yet presented such a carefully thought out and perfect work, written in a matter of days. So, the essence of the work is the knowledge of the mind. One way to accomplish this task is criticism. That is, under psychological pressure, our mind reacts strangely to what is happening. In order to know it, you must first criticize it. But still, each person sees individually the relevance of the work.

The essence of Kant's work

After reading the work written by Kant ("Critique of Pure Reason"), most people have a picture that is not entirely clear. This is because the work consists of two parts: the transcendental doctrine of the principles and the method. Kant's work has a main theme, which is to connect parts of the content that are on opposite sides of a certain limit. The Critique of Pure Reason and Kant are inseparable concepts. Therefore, people who communicated with the philosopher understood his style of writing and views. At first, it can be difficult for the average reader to grasp the essence of the work. To avoid this, it is enough just to carefully and slowly read the work of the German philosopher.

In his Critique of Pure Reason, Immanuel Kant tells about space and time, about the categories of reason and its antinomies. He begins his work with an unusual classification of judgments. As a result, the reader gets acquainted with its three types: synthetic, analytical and a priori. Further on, everything is explained in great detail. For example, the essence of the synthetic lies in its ability to analyze new knowledge. The analytical allows you to reveal the properties of a certain subject, and the a priori does not need to verify its truth.

In addition, in the work "Critique of Pure Reason", the summary of which is simply impossible to present in one article, a special type of judgments is distinguished, so to speak, combined (for example, synthetic + a priori).

Table of Contents

The work The Critique of Pure Reason consists of several parts, as indicated above. The work also contains a preface and an introduction. The first part - the transcendental doctrine of principles - consists of two elements, such as aesthetics and logic. The first block talks about space and time. It also contains general remarks and conclusions to the section. The second block is so extensive that it consists of several books: analytics of concepts, fundamentals, about the concepts of pure reason, about its dialectical conclusions and applications. The second part - the transcendental doctrine of the method - consists of an introduction and four chapters: discipline, canon, architectonics and history of pure reason.

Thus, the work called "Critique of Pure Reason" is considered quite large, the analysis of which requires time and effort. But it does not hurt anyone to read the interesting work of the German philosopher of the eighteenth century, every word of whichno coincidence.

Critic reviews

As with all popular works, criticism of the Critique of Pure Reason was written for the work of Immanuel Kant. It is directly related to the various views of philosophers and commentators who provided conclusions, conclusions to the work of a scientist. Some believe that the analysis of the mind does not deepen enough that this work can answer many years of questions and research. Thus, using Kant's work, it is impossible to fully appreciate a priori synthetic knowledge.

All knowledge begins with experience

Immanuel Kant tried to convey to the reader that it is impossible to know something without feeling or tasting it. So he came to the conclusion that any knowledge begins with experience. Having thought through his work to the smallest detail (for sure, he would have liked the criticism of the Critique of Pure Reason), he tried to help all people get that meager experience that would allow a person to know his mind. Of course, not completely, but only a part of it, but this would be a step on a long and difficult path. See for yourself by reading Kant's greatest work.