Futurist is a revolutionary in art

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

Futurism (lat. futurum - future) is the common name for the artistic avant-garde movements of the early 20th century, primarily in Russia and Italy. The author of the word and the founder of the direction is the world-famous Italian poet Marinetti. Distinguished by an extremely extremist orientation, futurism, denying all previous artistic experience, claimed to build a completely new art. A futurist is a follower and adherent of futurism.

Radical changes

The main postulates of the Futurists were radical changes in the principle of constructing a literary text, the destruction of the accepted syntax, for example, the use of the verb exclusively in the indefinite mood, the destruction of adverbs, quality adjectives, the omission of conjunctions, punctuation marks. In other words, a futurist is a creator who introduces "maximum disorder" and "perception by analogy" into literature. Their goal was to create a new living literary style without tedious pauses underlined by commas and ellipses.

From words to visual signs

Poems of the Futurists were completely freed fromstrict restrictions on syntactic periods and logical connections. Rejecting the norms of linear writing, the Futurist poets freely arranged their lines in space, forming decorative arabesques or following analogies - the form-letter turned into bizarre visual signs. Also, the new genre introduced a provocative component into artistic life - a fist strike. Now adherents of futurism could be easily distinguished from other authors. The poet-futurist is the creator who, speaking to the public, shocks it in every possible way: provokes, insults, calls for rebellion and violence. The new direction gained scandalous, but wide popularity.

Russian Futurists

Given the political situation in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century, the seeds of futurism fell on fertile ground, and the new trend was enthusiastically received in the pre-revolutionary years by Russian cubo-futurists. Russian avant-garde artists entered the history of Russian culture as innovators who managed to make a revolution in poetry, literature and other areas of creativity. In Russia, futurism did not become an integral art system; this term was used to refer to various trends in the development of the avant-garde. Those wishing to define futurism as a commonality of style found it extremely difficult to unite the “archaic songwriter” Khlebnikov, the “tribune-urbanist” Mayakovsky, the “aesthete-agitators” of the Burliuk brothers, and the “abstruse-snarling” Kruchenykh. And if we also take into account Boris Pasternak, the “specialist in aeronautics on the syntax fokker”, then it is simply impossible to comb everyone with the same brush. Several breakawaysShershenevich and Severyanin were considered from the direction, however, all futurists in literature got along under the common roof of the genre, tenaciously holding on to each other.

Poetry and painting

The poetry of Russian futurism was inextricably linked with avant-garde art in artistic painting. Very many poets, followers of the genre, were considered good artists - V. Mayakovsky, V. Khlebnikov, the Burliuk brothers, V. Kamensky, A. Kruchenykh, Elena Guro. And the majority of avant-garde artists wrote prose and poetry, participated in the release of futuristic publications not only as designers, but also as writers. Futurist poetry was the inspiration for painting, which in turn enriched Futurism. K. Malevich, P. Filonov, N. Goncharova, M. Larionov almost succeeded in creating what the futurists were striving for.

"Futurist" and "hooligan" - synonyms?

Sufficiently in a short time for a moderate public, the term "futurist" began to be considered a synonym for the word "hooligan". The media closely followed the "exploits" and whims of the creators of a new direction in art. This aroused an increased interest of the townsfolk and brought wide fame to the adherents of futurism. For the majority of the population, a futurist is one who corresponded to the main features of the new direction, including the pathos of outrageousness, anarchic worldview, experimentation in rhythm, rebelliousness, orientation to the spoken verse.