Lermontov's lyrical hero. Romantic hero in Lermontov's lyrics

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

Lermontov's anniversary increased interest in his work. In most cases, the reader is interested in the psychology of the author, the manner of writing, the features of the lyrical hero. For Lermontov's lyrics, this issue is especially relevant, because there are still disputes about how much the hero of Lermontov's lyrics is autobiographical, written off from the author himself. In fact, Lermontov, like no other poet, implements the principle of autobiography. Therefore, such a comparison as “author” - “lyrical hero” is practically not considered a mistake

The origins of Lermontov's creativity

Many researchers say that the roots of the themes and problems of Lermontov's work should be sought in his childhood. He did not know maternal love, he was brought up by his strict grandmother, hence such problems in the writer's work as misunderstanding and loneliness. This motif is enhanced even more due to the author's passion for the work of romantic writers. If V. A. Zhukovsky relied on German romanticism, then Lermontov was more interested in English romanticism, mainly in the person of the poet Byron. LyricalLermontov's hero is somewhat similar to Byron's: he is just as lonely, searching, striving to escape from the world of reality.

The specificity of romanticism in the work of Lermontov

Romanticism as a literary trend arises out of disillusionment with the French Revolution. People striving for freedom, equality and fraternity have not achieved what they wanted. That is why the heroes of romantic works are not happy.

Lermontov's romantic hero has its own specifics. As a rule, he is a rebel hero, he does not want to put up with his position. However, it is never possible to escape from the real world, to get into the ideal world. Therefore, often the lyrical hero of Lermontov is carried away into dreams. We see this in the poem "How often surrounded by a motley crowd." This is a vivid example of the poet's romantic work. Here the hero is practically inseparable from the author. He is in a society in which lies and pretense reign, all this disgusts him, the hero's thoughts go to his childhood. How do we understand that a poem is autobiographical? First of all, according to the final lines, in which Lermontov wants to throw his "iron verse, doused with bitterness and anger" in the face of hypocritical people - the only weapon of the poet.

The evolution of creativity and the lyrical hero

Lermontov is considered one of the most static writers. Indeed, it is difficult to single out periods in his career. Traditionally, the work of M. Yu. Lermontov is divided into early and late. The border between the two stages is the poem "The Death of a Poet", because of which hissent to the link. As you know, Lermontov began to write poetry at a fairly early age. That is why in the first period of his career, the lyrical hero is distinguished by a certain youthful maximalism. He does not accept half measures, he needs all or nothing. The hero of Lermontov's works is not ready to put up with any shortcomings. We see this in poems of any subject: love, landscape, dedicated to poetry. Of course, Lermontov's hero is lonely, but, above all, lonely because he wants it that way, because he is not understood by people, not appreciated. In later work, the motive of loneliness is enhanced. However, the poem no longer has the challenge that was in the early lyrics. The hero is quiet, calm, infinitely unhappy and lonely. A striking example is the poem "Cliff".

Analysis of the poem "Cliff"

Why does Lermontov choose this image? Because the rock is strong and strong. The elements have no power over him, he is powerful. And because the cliff is not connected to the mountain range, it is alone, it stands out against the background of the general landscape. And then a cloud spent the night on his chest. She gave him hope for friendship, but left him in the morning. And this mighty giant was left to cry in the endless desert. There are no vivid metaphors, comparisons in the poem, it is absolutely small in volume, but Lermontov's poetic gift is most clearly embodied in it.

Another example of late lyrics is the poem "Leaf". And again, an autobiographical lyrical hero. There are more allegories in Lermontov's lyrics of later years, now he does not speak directly, but uses such brightimages like leaf, cliff, pines, palms. The leaf, breaking away from its native branch, went on wanderings around the world, but nowhere could it find refuge.

Analysis of the poem "Sail"

One cannot talk about the poet's romantic work without mentioning his programmatic poem "Sail". It reflected all the main motives of Lermontov's work: wandering and wandering, loneliness, exile. But mainly in this poem, the motive of two worlds, so characteristic of romantic poets, is clearly visible. From the real world, in which nothing awaits the lyrical hero, in which he had nothing, the hero goes to a world in which, in his opinion, he will be better off. He is looking for "storms". In general, the storm is one of the poet's favorite poetic images. After all, the lyrical hero of Lermontov is not ready to live in a world where there is peace and harmony, he needs a world where passions rage, where he will feel that he lives. And let him suffer, but it will be sincere suffering.

I go out alone on the road

One of the last poems of the poet. It is deeply philosophical and, unlike early works, harmonious. It was in it that the author was able to reflect all his life attitudes and his worldview. Now he asks not for storms, but for peace. But not the "cold dream of the grave", he wants to live, feel, look at nature, enjoy its beauty and feel love for himself, perhaps the one that he lacked in real life. The poem is written very beautifully, the author uses vivid epithets and personifications. Nature is portrayed by him as an ideal and harmonious universe created by the almighty God.

Romantic hero Lermontov in the poem "Mtsyri"

It is impossible to talk about Lermontov's lyrical hero without mentioning his poems. For example, the poem "Mtsyri". The heroes of M. Yu. Lermontov yearn for freedom (literally and figuratively). They are driven out by people, they cannot find a common language with others. Mtsyri is perhaps the true romantic hero of Lermontov. He entered the monastery while still a baby. He grew up in captivity, dreaming of parents and friends. Didn't get along with peers. This brings Mtsyri to the level of a romantic hero, that is, an exceptional hero, dissatisfied with ordinary life. And now the thirst for freedom makes him run. One day spent by Mtsyri in the wild, in his own opinion, was richer than his whole life. He saw a Georgian girl, his thoughts were carried away to a happy life, which, unfortunately, is not available to him.

The key scene is the battle with the leopard, which personifies will, strength and freedom. Therefore, he is not able to defeat Mtsyri, in which the most violent forces live. The finale of the poem confirms that Lermontov's hero will not succeed in escaping from the real world, because Mtsyri dies. Why did Lermontov choose Georgia as the scene of action? Firstly, he heard this story while passing by one of the Georgian monasteries, and secondly, because the nature of the Caucasus and the life of the Caucasian people impressed him very much. In Caucasians, Lermontov was attracted by the thirst for life and freedom, the strength of character.

Demon Image

For Lermontov's early work, the demonic motif is relevant. The image of a demon often appears, in each of the verses on this subject Lermontov associates himself with an evil spirit, and his gift - with some kind of obsession. This is not surprising, because the demon is an exile, he is condemned by people, and heaven does not accept him. This is how the poet himself felt. An example is the poem "Demon", the poem "My Demon". In one of his early poems, Lermontov writes that he was not created for heaven, that his destiny is to think and suffer.

Lyrical hero in love poems

Certainly, love is one of the central themes in the work of any poet. Lermontov's love is also painted in gloomy tones. The lyrical hero in Lermontov's lyrics of the early period experienced a feeling for his beloved, an average between love and hatred. He accuses her of misunderstanding, cruelty, inability to love. Lermontov had many objects to whom he dedicated his poems.

One of the most popular poems - "The Beggar" - is dedicated to E. Sushkova. The first part of the work is unconventional. Lermontov talks about a beggar who was given a stone instead of alms, only in the last line it is clear that this is a poem about love. The poet's feelings for Sushkova were deceived. In fact, it was so, she made fun of the young Lermontov, played with his feelings.

The specificity of love lyrics changes after Lermontov met Varvara Lopukhina. It was a real mutual feeling. But Lopukhina's relatives were against her marriage.with a young and poor versifier. Now there were no reproaches and accusations in the verses, there was only disappointment and the thought that love is a tragedy.

Pechorin

The peak of the poet's work was the novel "A Hero of Our Time". The true romantic hero Grigory Pechorin is quite comparable with the lyrical character of Lermontov. He is also lonely, not understood, but his character is very multifaceted and complex. The hero of Lermontov's novel suffers because of his pride and ambition. It evokes both sympathy and dislike at the same time. And if the hero of the lyrics does not raise practically any questions, then discussions among literary critics continue to this day about the character of Pechorin.

Lonely heroes of Lermontov cannot but arouse sympathy and sympathy. Each of the people periodically have thoughts of loneliness. It's just that Lermontov's feeling was especially acute. Of course, there was a reasonable explanation for all this: his work was not recognized by the authorities, in his personal life he was not happy. The writer found his ideal world in creativity, serving literature. The hero of Lermontov's works (like the author himself) lives to "think and suffer", because without suffering there is no life, and he does not need such a quiet, harmonious, calm existence.