2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
Before finding out who Yesenin's parents were, we must honestly admit that the whole story will eventually come down to the life and work of the poet himself. And you can write about him endlessly, because fans have always been interested in people who influenced the formation of his personality, and the environment in which this unique Russian nugget grew up, close in size to Pushkin and Lermontov, the path of love for which to this day does not overgrow.
Motherland
Yesenin's birthday was held in a picturesque corner of Russia on October 3, 1895. This magnificent Yesenin region today receives a huge number of visitors every day. The future poet was born in Konstantinovo (Ryazan region), in an ancient village, which is freely spread among forests and fields on the right bank of the Oka. The nature of these places is inspired by God, it is not for nothing that a genius with a devoted Russian soul was born here.
Yesenin's house in Konstantinovo has long been a museum. Wide carpets of water meadows and picturesque lowlands near the river became the cradle of the great poet's poetry. Motherland wasthe main source of his inspiration, to which he constantly fell, drawing the power of Russian love for his father's house, the Russian spirit and his people.
Yesenin's parents
The poet's father, Alexander Nikitich Yesenin (1873-1931) sang in the church choir from his youth. He was a peasant, but he was not at all suitable for the peasant business, since he could not properly harness a horse. Therefore, he went to work in Moscow to the merchant Krylov, who kept a butcher's shop. Alexander Yesenin was very dreamy. He could sit thoughtfully at the window for a long time, very rarely smiled, but at the same time he could tell such funny things that everyone around him rolled with laughter.
The poet's mother, Tatyana Fedorovna Titova (1873-1955), was also from a peasant family. She lived almost all her life in Konstantinovo. The Ryazan region practically captivated her. Tatyana Fedorovna gave her son Sergei strength and confidence in his talent, without which he would never have decided to go to St. Petersburg.
Yesenin's parents were not happy in marriage, but his mother lived all her life with a heavy heart and terrible pain in her soul, and there were serious reasons for that.
Brother Alexander Razgulyaev
Not everyone knows, but next to the grave of the poet at the Vagankovsky cemetery there is also the grave of Yesenin's half-brother by mother - Alexander Ivanovich Razgulyaev. The thing is that Tatyana Fedorovna, while still very young, married Alexander Nikitich not for love. Yesenin's parents somehow didn't get along right away. Immediately after the wedding, my father returned to Moscow, to the butcher's shop of the merchant Krylov, where he had previously worked. Tatyana Fedorovna was a woman of character and did not get along with either her husband or her mother-in-law.
She sent her son Sergei to be raised by her parents, and in 1901 she went to work in Ryazan and there she met, as it seemed to her then, her great love. But the delusion quickly passed, and the son Alexander (1902-1961) was born from this sinful love.
Tatyana Fedorovna wanted to get a divorce, but her husband wouldn't let her. She had to give the boy to the nurse E. P. Razgulyaeva and write it down in her last name. From that moment on, her life turned into a nightmare, she suffered and yearned for the baby, sometimes visited him, but could not pick him up. Sergei Yesenin found out about him in 1916, but they met only in 1924 at the house of their grandfather, Fyodor Titov.
Alexander Nikitich Yesenin wrote to his eldest daughter Ekaterina, who then lived with Benislavskaya, so that they would not accept Alexander Razgulyaev, as it was very painful for him to bear it. Resentment against the mother was in the heart of the poet. Although he understood that brother Alexander was not to blame for anything, they also did not have a warm relationship.
Alexander Ivanovich Razgulyaev, of course, was proud of his brother. He lived the life of a humble railroad worker who raised four children. He described all his terrible memories of an orphan childhood in his Autobiography.
Sisters
Yesenin also had two beloved sisters: Ekaterina (1905-1977) and Alexandra (1911-1981). Catherine followed her brother from Konstantinovo to Moscow. There she helped him in literary andpublishing, and then after his death became the keeper of his archives. Catherine married a close friend of Yesenin, Vasily Nasedkin, who was repressed and executed by the NKVD in 1937 on a fabricated "case of writers." She herself received a sentence of two years. Died of a heart attack in Moscow.
The second sister's name was Alexandra. She also put a lot of work and effort into the creation of Yesenin's museums, providing photographs, manuscripts and other valuable family relics and exhibits. She was 16 years apart from her brother. He affectionately called her Shurenka. At the end of 1924, returning from abroad, he took her to Moscow with him. Her mother blessed her with the Tikhvin Icon of the Mother of God, which is now in the Yesenin Museum in Moscow. The poet adored his sisters and took great pleasure in communicating with them.
Grandparents
Yesenin was brought up by his mother's parents for a long time. Grandmother's name was Natalya Evtikhievna (1847-1911), and grandfather - Fedor Andreevich (1845-1927). In addition to their granddaughter Serezha, three more of their sons lived in their family. It was thanks to his grandmother that Yesenin became acquainted with folklore. She told him many stories, sang songs and ditties. The poet himself admitted that it was grandmother's stories that prompted him to write his first poems. Grandfather Fyodor was a believer who knew church books well, so every evening there were readings in their house.
Moving to father
After graduating from the Spas-Klepikovskaya church teacher's school in 1912 and receiving a diploma as a teacher of the literacy school, Yesenin immediatelymoved to his father in Moscow on the street. Pinch to Bolshoi Strochenovsky lane, 24 (now the Yesenin Museum is located there).
Alexander Yesenin was glad of his arrival and thought that his son would be his reliable assistant, but he was very upset when he announced to him that he wanted to become a poet. At first he helped his father, but then he began to bring his ideas to life and got a job at the printing house of I. D. Sytin. And then we will not once again retell his entire biography, which is already quite well known, but rather we will try to understand what kind of person he was.
Brawler and brawler
A lot of unpleasant things were often said about him. Debauchery and drunkenness were indeed not uncommon in the poet's life, but he took his talent and service to poetry quite seriously and with great respect. According to the poet himself and according to people close to him, for example, such as Ilya Schneider, he did not write while intoxicated.
As a poet of conscience, he could not remain silent and, feeling pain for the country, which was plunging into complete chaos, devastation and hunger, began to use his poems as a weapon against the authorities (“The golden grove dissuaded …”, “We are now leaving little by little …”, “Soviet Russia” and “Outgoing Russia”).
His last work had a symbolic name - "Country of Scoundrels". After it was written, Yesenin's life changed dramatically, they began to persecute him and accuse him of debauchery and drunkenness. The poet was repeatedly interrogated by people from the GPU, who “sewed” a case for him. At first they wanted to convict him of anti-Semitism, thenthere were still some developments. In the winter of 1925, Leo Tolstoy's granddaughter Sophia helped him hide from persecution by agreeing with the head professor Gannushkin to provide the poet with a separate chamber. But informers were found, and Yesenin was again "taken at gunpoint." On December 28, he is brutally murdered under the guise of suicide.
Yesenin's family
Since 1914, Yesenin lived in a civil marriage with proofreader Anna Romanovna Izryadnova (1891-1946). She bore him a son, Yuri, who, after graduating from the Moscow Aviation College, did military service in Khabarovsk, but he was shot in 1937 on false charges. Mother died without knowing about the fate of her son.
In 1917, the poet married Zinaida Reich, a Russian actress and future wife of director V. E. Meyerhold. The Yesenin family had two more children: Tatyana (1918-1992), who later became a writer and journalist, and Konstantin (1920-1986), who became a journalist and football statistician. But again, something did not work out for the spouses, and in 1921 they officially divorced.
Almost immediately, Yesenin met with the American dancer Isadora Duncan, whom he married six months later. Together they traveled to Europe and the USA. But upon returning to their homeland, unfortunately, they broke up.
A dramatic story played out with Yesenin's secretary Galina Benislavskaya, who was his true and faithful friend in the most difficult moments for him. He met with her and sometimes lived with her. They met in 1920. After the death of the poet in 1926, she shot herself at his grave onVagankovsky cemetery. She was buried next to him.
Yesenin also had an illegitimate son from the poetess Nadezhda Davydovna Volpin - Alexander. Born May 12, 1924, he emigrated to the United States as an adult and became a mathematician. Alexander died quite recently - in March 2016 in Boston.
Yesenin built his last family relationship with Sophia Tolstaya. He wanted to start a new life, but death cut off all plans. On Yesenin's birthday, October 3, 2015, the whole country celebrated 120 years. So much for this talented poet.
Epilogue
In the Leningrad blockade, Esenin's son Konstantin, who fought at the front and asked for a leave, on one of the gloomy days of 1943, appeared at the intersection of Nevsky and Liteiny avenues. A soldier in a pulled-down cap, a frayed and burnt overcoat suddenly saw that the Old Book store was open, and without any purpose simply went into it. He stood and looked at smart books. After the stinking swamps and the slick trenches, it was almost bliss for him to be among the books. And suddenly a man approached the saleswoman, who had a very tired face and bore traces of hunger and difficult experiences, and asked her if they would have a volume of Yesenin. She replied that now his books are very rare, and the man immediately left. Konstantin was surprised that in the blockade, in a harsh and desperate life, someone needed Yesenin. And what is surprising, in the store at that very moment, in windings and dirty boots, a soldier Konstantin Yesenin, the son of the poet, turned out to be nearby …
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