2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
Barkov Ivan Semenovich - poet and translator of the 18th century, author of pornographic poems, founder of the "illegal" literary genre - "barkovism".
Barkovshchina is an obscene literary style
By right is considered one of the outstanding Russian poets; his works - shameful verses, surprisingly combining rudeness, sarcasm and foul language, are read not in schools and institutes, but most often in secret. At all times there were people who wanted to get acquainted with the works of the infamous author.
By the beginning of 1992, the works of Ivan Barkov began to be published in such well-known publications as Stars, Literary Review, Library and others.
Ivan Barkov: biography
He was supposedly born in 1732 in the family of a clergyman. Elementary education took place in the seminary at the Alexander Nevsky Lavra, in 1748, with the help of M. V. Lomonosov, he became a student at the university at the Academy of Sciences. In an educational institution, he showed a special inclination for the humanities, did a lot of translations and studied the work of ancient writers. However, Barkov's uncontrollable behavior, constant drinking bouts, fights, insults to the rector became the reason for his expulsion in 1751. Demoted studentassigned as a student to the Academic Printing House and, taking into account his exceptional abilities, gave permission to attend French and German lessons at the gymnasium, as well as to study the "Russian style" with S. P. Krasheninnikov.
As a copyist
Later, Ivan was transferred from the Barkov printing house as a copyist to the Academic Office.
New duties allowed the young man to communicate closely with M. V. Lomonosov, whom he often made copies of documents and rewrote his writings, in particular "Ancient Russian History" and "Russian Grammar". Monotonous, monotonous work as a copyist became a fascinating pastime for Barkov, because it was accompanied by interesting consultations and explanations by Lomonosov. And this actually became a continuation of university studies for a failed student.
The first literary works of Barkov
The first independent work of Ivan Barkov was "A Brief Russian History", published in 1762. According to G. F. Miller, in the historical study from the time of Rurik to Peter the Great, information is reported more accurately and fully than, for example, in Voltaire's work on the history of Russia under Peter the Great. For the ode composed in honor of the birthday of Peter III in 1762, Ivan Barkov was appointed to the Academy as a translator, which led to the appearance of high-quality and full of artistic merit translations.
Having easily mastered the nuances of odic poetry, the writer did not improve himself in this genre, which in the future couldbring the poet official fame and guaranteed promotion. Further, Ivan Barkov prepared for printing (corrected incomprehensible places, filled in the gaps with text, changed the old spelling, adapting it for a more understandable reading) the Radziwill chronicle, which he fully familiarized himself with when rewriting it for Lomonosov. This work, which provided the general public with the opportunity to get acquainted with reliable historical facts, was published in 1767.
A Poet Uncomfortable to Quote
Most of all, the poet Ivan Barkov became famous for obscene pornographic verses, which led to the emergence of a new genre of "barkovshchina". Obviously, Russian folklore and frivolous French poetry became an example for the emergence of such free lines, the first partial publication of which in Russia took place in 1991. Opinions about Barkov are different and diametrically opposed. So, Chekhov believed that this is a poet who is inconvenient to quote. Leo Tolstoy called Ivan a fair jester, and Pushkin believed that the whole point is precisely in the fact that all things are called by their proper names. Barkov's poems were present at the cheerful feasts of students, and Denis Davydov, Griboyedov, Pushkin, Delvig filled in with quotes in table conversations. Barkov's poems were quoted by Nikolai Nekrasov.
Unlike the works of the Marquis de Sade, who enjoys various unnatural sensations and double situations, Barkov Ivan expresses himself in a normal vicious way, without crossing a certain forbidden line.
This is just a tavern assessor, to his misfortuneendowed with poetic talent and intelligence. The pornography he describes is a reflection of Russian life and bad manners, which remains one of the most striking features of public life today. There is no foul language in any literature that could swear in poetry so gracefully "in Russian" as Ivan Barkov did.
He died funny…
Contemporaries considered Ivan Barkov an extremely dissolute person. There was a legend among the people that Barkov, although he drank excessively, was a wonderful lover, and often brought dissolute girlfriends and drinking companions to his estate.
Barkov Ivan Semenovich, whose biography is of interest to the modern generation, led a beggarly life, drank until the end of his days and died at the age of 36. The circumstances of his death and place of burial remain unknown. But there are many versions of the end of his short life. According to one of them, the poet died in a brothel from beatings, the other claims that he drowned in the latrine, being in a state of hard drinking. They say that some people found the corpse of Barkov in his office with his head stuck in an oven for the purpose of carbon monoxide poisoning, and the lower half of the body without pants sticking out with a note stuck in it: "He lived - it was a sin, but he died - it's funny." Although, according to another version, the poet said these words before his death.
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