2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
A fable is a short narrative, most often written in a satirical style and carrying a certain semantic load. In the modern world, when vices are often praised, and virtues, on the contrary, are not honored, this kind of creativity is of particular relevance and is the most valuable. Ivan Andreevich Krylov is one of the outstanding authors working in this genre.
Fable "Crow and Fox"
Krylov has always favorably distinguished himself from other fabulists by the fact that he can literally reveal a truly dramatic plot in the same 20-50 lines. The heroes of his works seem alive to the reader, their characters are remembered for a long time.
Krylov's fable "The Crow and the Fox" was first published in the literary magazine "Dramatic Bulletin" in 1908. However, the plot taken as its basis has been known since ancient times. The stupid crow and the flattering fox now and then appear in the literature of various peoples. In all such works, one and the same moral can be traced,showing all the baseness of flattery and the narrow-minded mind of a person who appreciates it. The fable “The Crow and the Fox” by Krylov favorably differs precisely in that it is not the flatterer himself who is condemned, but the one who believes his words. That is why the Crow loses everything, while the Fox has earned her “piece of cheese.”
Fables of Aesop and Lessing
As noted above, the instructive story about the black-winged bird and the red-tailed cheat cannot be called new. Before Krylov, it was used by many authors, but the two most famous of them are Aesop and Lessing.
Aesop, who lived in the 6th-5th century BC, believed that his fable "The Raven and the Fox" is applicable to the "foolish man." Even his fox, unlike Krylov's, does not immediately run away, but first mocks the bird that has lost food. Another insignificant difference between the two works lies in the crow's gastronomic preferences. The words of the fable "The Crow and the Fox" by Krylov: "Somewhere God sent a piece of cheese to the Crow." In Aesop, the god of cheese did not send the Crow, and the bird itself stole a piece of meat from someone.
Lessing, who is a contemporary of Krylov, went a little further than Aesop and poisoned the meat stolen by the bird. Thus, he wanted to punish the fox, who eventually dies a terrible death, for her sycophancy and flattery.
National identity of I. A. Krylova
Many researchers of Krylov's work, after analyzing the fable "The Crow and the Fox", note how successfully he managed to reflect the characters typical of the era described. This feature, despite all their fabulousness,characteristic of his other works. For this reason, Ivan Andreevich is called the father of Russian realism.
The simple and very understandable plot of fables has not lost its relevance for many generations. This is due to the fact that Krylov took the main vices and weaknesses of man as the basis of his work, and they remained the same as those of his contemporaries.
The living Russian language, in which all the fables of Ivan Andreevich are written, is devoid of excessive refinement. It is understandable to everyone without exception. In order for the reader to better learn the lesson contained in the fable, at the end of the work the author always gives her moral. One of the few exceptions is the fable "The Crow and the Fox". Krylova is more interested in the process of how the Crow, under the influence of flattery, begins to feel its importance and superiority.
Conclusion
The rich legacy left by Ivan Andreevich Krylov will always remain a national treasure of spiritual Russia. His fables are rightfully included in the golden literary fund of our country and are studied in the school curriculum. As long as there are such works, there is hope that people will be able to get rid of vices and rise above the material component of life.
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