2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
The article will be of interest to those who want to know what a fresco is and what role this art form played in the history of architecture and culture during the development of human civilization.
Fresco is the art of decorating walls and ceilings by applying a color pattern to still damp plaster using water-based paints. With this technique, the same material, lime, acts as a binder and priming agent. Thanks to this, the paints hold well without crumbling.
What is a fresco was well known in antiquity. Their peculiarity was that at the end the painting was polished with heated wax. The need to start and complete a fresco before the lime dried forced the artist to work at a very fast pace. Therefore, if it was necessary to create a large monumental painting, then several artists worked on it. At the same time, they had to have professional experience, because in addition to high drawing speed, it was necessary to have a confident strong hand and a clear idea of the entire composition as a whole, since everyone had to work on only one part of it. If corrections were needed, then this part of the image, together with limea layer was cut out and a new layer of mortar was applied.
Almost all ancient monuments of monumental painting are made in fresco technique. The ancestors knew well what frescoes were. Wall paintings of Pompeii, paintings on the walls of Christian catacombs, monuments of Romanesque, Byzantine and Old Russian monumental fresco art have survived to this day.
In the interior of ancient architecture, walls and windows became decisive. Knowing what a fresco is, they were generously decorated with beautiful paintings on wet plaster and mosaics (according to the wishes of customers - rich inhabitants of dwellings, and in antiquity striving for comfort). Thanks to this, a special "Pompeian" style of painting on wet lime became widely known. The fashion for luxurious floor and wall decoration was preserved in the medieval interior. Popular trends passed from century to century, so it is not surprising that during the Renaissance, people knew what a fresco was. The traditions of decorating interiors with them have not died out.
For each new era, beauty and splendor, we alth and quality of home decoration remained important. One has only to remember the famous frescoes of the bedroom in the palace of Duke Ludovico Gonzaga in Mantua. The master of the early Renaissance, Andrea Mantegna, dedicated his world-famous fresco cycle to the owner of the palace, the ruler of Mantua. The artist depicted scenes from his life.
The wall fresco in the rich decoration of the palazzo acquired a very special meaningthe era of the Renaissance. The splendor of the decoration of the premises was achieved not by ordering unique expensive furniture to the house, but by decorating the ceiling, walls and floor of the house with frescoes.
Today, with the help of fresco painting, the interiors of both private houses and public buildings are decorated. In our time, the fresco has acquired extraordinary relevance, popularity and even prestige, especially such types of it as artistic painting of ceilings and wall fresco, replacing painting.
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