2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
Who wrote Pinocchio? This question will be answered by the majority of readers of all ages living in the post-Soviet space. "The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Pinocchio" is the full name of the fairy tale story composed by the Soviet classic Alexei Nikolayevich Tolstoy, based on the fairy tale "The Adventures of Pinocchio" by Carlo Collodi.
From the moment Tolstoy's fairy tale appeared, disputes began - what is it, transcription, retelling, translation, literary processing? While still in exile in 1923-24, Aleksey Nikolaevich decided to translate Collodi's fairy tale, but other ideas and plans captured him, and the vicissitudes of his personal fate took him far away from the children's book. Tolstoy returns to Pinocchio ten years later. The time was already different, life circumstances changed - he returned to Russia.
Tolstoy had just suffered a heart attack and took a short time out from the hard work on the novel-trilogy "Walking Through the Torments". And an amazing thing, he begins with an exact following of the storyline of the original source, but gradually moves away from him farther and farther, so he waswhether he was the one who wrote Pinocchio, or it was a modified Pinocchio, one can argue, which is what literary critics do. The writer did not want to make his story moralistic through and through, as was the case with Collodi. Aleksey Nikolaevich himself recalled that at first he tried to translate the Italian, but it turned out to be boring. S. Ya. Marshak pushed him to a radical alteration of this plot. Book completed in 1936.
And makes Tolstoy Pinocchio and his friends completely different than the heroes of the fairy tale about Pinocchio were. The author wanted readers to feel the spirit of fun, play, adventurism. Needless to say, he succeeds. This is how the storylines of the hearth, drawn on an old canvas, the mysterious door hidden under it, the golden key that the heroes are looking for, and which should open this mysterious door, appear.
It cannot be said that there are no moralizing maxims in the fairy tale. The one who wrote Pinocchio was no stranger to them. Therefore, the wooden boy is taught both by the cricket living in Papa Carlo's closet (it's useless!), and the girl Malvina, who, in addition, locks the guilty hero in a closet. And like any boy, the wooden man strives to do everything in his own way. And he learns from his own mistakes. That is how he falls into the clutches of crooks - the fox Alice and the cat Basilio - wanting to get rich soon. The famous Field of Wonders in the Land of Fools is probably the most famous metaphor of the fairy tale, although not the only one, the Golden Key itself is also worth something!
The storyline of Karabas-Barabas, a puppet exploiter who wants to find a secret door, displaysour heroes to this secret door, behind which is a brand new puppet theater "Lightning". During the day, puppet men will study, and in the evenings they will play performances in it.
The popularity hit Tolstoy incredible. The children did not even think about who wrote Pinocchio, they read the book with pleasure, and it was reprinted 148 times in the USSR alone, was translated into many languages of the world, and filmed many times. The first film adaptation was released in 1939, directed by A. Ptushko.
Tolstoy's tale is also interesting for adults. A masterful stylist and mocker, the author refers us to Fonvizinsky's "Undergrowth" (Pinocchio's lesson, a problem with apples), the dictation that the hero writes is Fet's palindrome: "And the rose fell on Azor's paw", in the image of Karabas-Barabas they see a parody of something on Nemirovich-Danchenko, then Meyerhold, and many literary critics refer to the fact that Pierrot was copied from A. Blok.
Happy Soviet childhood passed with Golden Key toffee and Pinocchio soda, now it would be called a promoted brand.
And as before, children and parents read and re-read a fairy tale that teaches goodness without tedious edification.
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