2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
Poland is home to many talented people. Famous musicians, artists and artists come from there. Many of us have heard their names.
Polish composers became world famous in the 19th century. It was then that Chopin lived and worked. After him, many more names of Poles were inscribed in the history of world music. Let's talk about the most famous of them.
Using Polish folklore
It is impossible to start a story about the composers of this country without mentioning Chopin. He was born near Warsaw, and ended his life in Paris. The famous Polish composer and pianist is remembered by world culture for his works, which are now played by leading pianists around the world. In his work, Chopin used Polish folklore and romantic motifs. He was distinguished by a special technique of playing the piano, which is now widely used by European pianists.
Later, another composer from that country, Stanislav Moniuszko, began to write his works in the same direction. In the 19th century, he wrote national operas and songs that can still be heard from the stage. Most of his works can be heard on the Monyushkovskyfestival.
How World War II changed music
Until 1939, Polish composers worked and actively collaborated with colleagues from other countries. At the beginning of the 20th century, the most famous competitions were founded, which gave the world many new performers. So, Dmitri Shostakovich made his debut at the Chopin Competition in Warsaw.
Before World War II, bright and emotional music was popular. Everyone was familiar with the name of Karol Szymanowski. His ballet "Harnasi" thundered all over Europe at that time. It still felt folklore motifs, but there was no political overtones.
It was precisely because of politics that many Polish composers emigrated to other countries after the start of the war. They did not want to limit themselves in creativity and compose music for certain dates. However, even at that difficult time, there were people who knew how to oppose the political regime: Grazhyna Batsevich, Lutoslavsky and Boleslav Shabelsky. Witold Lutoslavsky, even after the end of the war, did not change his favorite direction in creativity - romanticism. He wrote light pieces with a refined sound.
Sonorism
The political thaw came only in 1956. At this time, Polish composers got the opportunity to create without restrictions. The most famous cultural figures of that time were Tadeusz Biard and Kazimierz Sierocki. But they not only glorified their country, but also established the Warsaw Autumn festival. He is considered popularand prestigious to this day.
Famous Polish composers experimented a lot with sound after the war. They wanted to follow European culture, as a result of which the direction "sonorism" was born. This is a special technique for building compositions. At the heart of new works only sound shades began to be used. This is how avant-garde art was born in Poland. The flagship and the brightest representative of this trend was Krzysztof Penderecki. He used for his works not only the musical range, but also the sounds of nature, the squeal of a saw, the rumble and clatter of a typewriter. The first impression of the public was a shock, but later the works of this composer entered the history of world musical culture.
Wojciech Kilar and minimalism
The music of Polish composers is used not only on the big stage. Many authors wrote it for films and religious holidays. Avant-garde creativity continued to exist in the seventies. Then Wojciech Kilar gained popularity. He wrote his works not only for popular Polish films, but also for orchestra performances. Music lovers all over the world highly appreciated his avant-garde poem "Kshesany" related to the direction of minimalism. It is characterized by avarice of form and content. For forty years now, the poem has been the favorite work of many.
Kiljar's later works remain devoted to minimalism. Critics note that the musical language of this composer is distinguished by accuracy and special brightness. He does not need to come up with complex forms in order towin over your listener. In his work, Wojciech used the folklore heritage of the Polish highlanders. Kilar's bright compositions of various thematic orientations are often used in contemporary Polish films.
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