Austrian classics. Great Austrian Composers

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

Austria has a rich cultural past and present. Its inhabitants honor their traditions, hold many festivals and other events. The Austrian classics made a great contribution to the development of human culture. The musical world of this country is especially famous. However, there are also very popular names in the field of literature.

Writers and classical poets of the 19th century: a list

• Adalbert Stifter.
• Johann Nepomuk Nestroy.
• Carl Emil Franzoz
• Ludwig Anzengruber.
• Leopold von Sacher-Masoch.
• Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach.
• Nikolaus Lenau.
• Peter Rosegger.
• Ferdinand Raimund.
• Franz Grillparzer.
• Ferdinand von Zaar.
• Charles Silsfield.

Features of Austrian culture

Austrian poetry is peculiar and unusual. It has its own unique language and style, special ways and means of conveying the meaning of life.

It was in the 19th century that an internal ideological and moral unity of culture developed in Austria. Austrianthe classics of this century have reached extraordinary heights in all areas of art.

It is impossible to understand the culture of such an amazing country if you read or listen to the works of these creators superficially and indifferently. It is very important to understand their essence, deep meaning. Only then will creations be revealed from the amazing side.

If you "pierce" the dryish and rough surface of Franz Grillparzer's poetry, you can get inside his world.

If you overcome the length of descriptions by Adalbert Stifter, then every word will be perceived as indescribably expressive and quiveringly subtle. Deep meaning lies in the poetry of Georg Trakl. If you overcome the external incoherence of his lines, then this poet will become extremely interesting for many.

Austrian classics seem to deliberately surround their world with a protective layer from the bad taste, insipidity and vulgarity common in the 19th century (and not only).

A true creator will not leave his work to the mercy of fate. It is easier for him to be misunderstood today. Let it happen later. But he does not want to be misunderstood at all.

Austrian literature of the 19th century

The 19th century for Austria is a "bourgeois" era. Especially in the second half of this century there is a split in the cultural life of the country. Entertainment is the main focus. No wonder why it is the Viennese operetta that conquers the whole world. In the second half of the 19th century, the concept of "Viennese folk theater" loses its former meaning. It is quite obvious that in such conditions literature arose on behalf ofpeople. It was a literature in which German and Slavic cultural elements were closely intertwined.

The Slavic theme was very exciting for Austrian writers. The historical tragedy "The Happiness and Death of King Ottokar" is an outstanding work of its time. It was written by the Austrian writer Franz Grillparzer. He also owns the wonderful drama "Libusha". In the work of Adalbert Stifter, the Slavic theme occupies a significant place.

Maria von Ebner-Eschenbach is another outstanding writer. She was directly related to the Slavs: she came from the aristocratic family of Dubsky.

The great writers of Austria in such a difficult time dreamed of friendship and peace between peoples. All this is directly reflected in their excellent works.

Brief information about Austrian poets

Austrian poets have made a great contribution to the development of the culture of their country. Their wonderful writings are loved by those readers who have understood and appreciated their work.

Georg Trakl (1887-1914) lived, as we see, very little. Only 27 years old. He was born in Salzburg on February 3, 1887. Poems began to write from the gymnasium years. He owns such plays: "Day of Obedience", "Fata Morgana", "Mary Magdalene", "Dreamland". From 1910 to 1911 he served in the army. Since 1912 he has been a member of the literary community "Pan". A year later, his first collection of poems was published. In 1914 he was drafted into the army. He saw with his own eyes the horror of war. His psyche failed and he committed suicide.

Rene Carl MariaRilke lived in 1875-1926. Since 1894, his first stories have been published, as well as the collection Life and Songs.

Two years later, his second collection was released - "Victims of Larams". In 1897 he visited Venice and then Berlin, where he settled. Here he creates three more poetry collections. He was greatly influenced by the writer Lou Andreas-Salome. In 1899 he came to Russia. Here he met Leonid Pasternak, Ilya Repin, Leo Tolstoy, Boris Pasternak and many other artists.

Moved to Paris in 1901. Until his death, he corresponded with Marina Tsvetaeva, whom he never met. Died 1926.

Stefan Zweig

The writer Stefan Zweig (1881-1942) is an outstanding Austrian classic. Born in Vienna. In 1905 he went to Paris. From 1906 he travels to Italy, Spain, India, USA, Cuba. In 1917-1918 he lived in Switzerland. After the war, he settled near Salzburg. In 1901, his first book, Silver Strings, was published. He was friends with such prominent cultural figures as Rilke, Rolland, Maserel, Rodin, Mann, Hesse, Wells and many others. During the war years, he wrote an essay about Rolland - "The Conscience of Europe". The author became widely known for his short stories "Amok", "Confusion of feelings", "Chess novel". Zweig often created interesting biographies, masterfully worked with historical documents. In 1935 he wrote the book The Triumph and Tragedy of Erasmus of Rotterdam. On February 22, 1942, he and his wife took a large dose of sleeping pills anddied. He categorically rejected this world.

Composers of Austria

Austrian classical composers cause many people to associate with entire areas of art. The very list of the most talented composers and musicians in Austria is staggering in its scope. This is:

• Franz Joseph Haydn.
• Johann Nepomuk Hummel.
• Karl Dittersdorf.
• Simon Zechter.
• Leopold Mozart.
• Ignaz Holzbauer.
• Anselm Huttenbrenner.
• Carl Czerny.
• Johann Schenck.
• Anton Eberl.
• Franz Schubert.
• Wolfgang Mozart.



• Alban Berg.
• Anton Bruckner.
• Ignaz Brüll.
• Anton von Webern.
• Egon Welles.
• Hans Gal.
• Hermann Grabner.
• Johann Nepomuk David.
• Franz von Suppe.
• Fritz Kreisler.
• Wilhelm Kinzl.
• Josef Lanner.
• Joseph Messner.
• Felix Motl.
• Karl Millöcker.
• Sigismund Thalberg.
• Karl Rankl.
• Leo Fall.
• Karl Zeller.
• Arnold Schoenberg.
• Josef Strauss.
• Johann Strauss.
• Gustav Mahler.



• Hans Erich Apostel.
• Friedrich Wildhans.
• Franz Salmhofer.
• Ernst Ksheneck.

Franz Joseph Haydn

Austrian composer, the brightest representative of the Viennese classical school. He was subject to different genres. He wrote 104symphonies, 83 quartets, 52 piano sonatas, as well as oratorios, operas and masses in his legacy. He was born on March 31, 1732 in Rorau. He mastered playing several instruments at once. In the period 1759-1761. served with Count Mortsin, and then took the position of vice-kapellmeister at the court of Prince Esterhazy. At the beginning of the service, he composed mainly instrumental music. This is a triptych of the symphonies "Morning", "Noon", "Evening and Storm". In the late 1660s and early 1670s, he wrote serious and dramatic symphonies. “Complaint”, “Mourning”, “Suffering”, “Farewell” stand out in particular. During this period he wrote eighteen string quartets. Haydn Joseph also wrote operas. The most famous are "Pharmacist", "Deceived infidelity", "Lunar world", "Rewarded loy alty", "Roland the paladin", "Armida". In 1787 he wrote six quartets. The researchers note that they were created under the influence of the concertos of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. After the death of Prince Esterhazy (1790), Haydn received creative freedom and the opportunity to travel to other cities. In London, he created the last twelve symphonies. Died in Vienna on March 31, 1809.

Conclusion

Thus, the Austrian classics have made a great contribution to the development of human culture. Austrian poetry is distinguished by its unusual language and style. In order to understand the culture of this amazing country, you need to read or listen to the works of art of its classics thoughtfully and carefully, trying to capture their essence. And creations will open from an unexpected side.