2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
In the 20th century, the moment came when all art turned to the avant-garde. And if you ask what features distinguished Russian painting of that period from that in other countries, then we can say with confidence: all artists were carried away by avant-garde, which means “advance detachment” in French.
History knows many examples of how, at the most critical moments, when the change of eras comes, creative personalities begin to create radical movements designed to consider events from a different prism. However, the 20th century was a significant event in this regard.
The Beginning of the Vanguard
The first steps of representatives of Russian avant-garde come in 1907, when the Blue Rose art association was created, where recognized masters of neo-primitivism and symbolism gathered.
These artistic styles paved the bridge to a fundamentally new direction in art - the avant-garde. The first prominent artistic representatives of this trend were Kazimir Malevich, Larionov and Goncharov, whose works are kept in the Moscow Museumcontemporary art.
What features distinguished Russian painting of the 20th century? It was here that the term “avant-garde” first appeared - it was presented to the world by Benoit, ironically describing the works of artists from the Jack of Diamonds creative association, who in 1910 presented the first innovative paintings from a technical point of view to the attention of the audience at the Union of Artists exhibition. Since then, it has become generally accepted that all the novelties in this field belong to Russian masters of the brush.
Representatives of the Russian avant-garde
Features of Russian painting of the 20th century. are such that the emerging avant-garde was a broad concept, while on its basis more and more new stylistic trends were born.
So, for example, many Russian artists in their work pursued the traditions of European modernism: cubism, suprematism, constructivism, rayonism, fauvism and futurism. The most prominent representatives of the domestic avant-garde movement were Kandinsky and Malevich. They stood at the origins of this multifaceted artistic phenomenon and became the "culprits" of the birth of his offspring - abstractionism.
Abstractionism is a non-objective art, where the artist uses only his associative perception of reality for the image, bypassing the canons of classical painting. The main artistic element of the style is color, which helps the masters to endow the canvases with emotions.
Kandinsky was the first to dare such an experiment. His global idea was to convey to mankind,that music can be depicted on the canvas, that it has its own color and a separate form.
From abstractionism to suprematism
Russian painting underwent active changes throughout the early 20th century.
After in 1909, Kandinsky first presented his first abstract work to critics, he met Kazimir Malevich, who, although he was a big fan of everything new, nevertheless continued to be influenced by impressionism. From that moment on, the artist's works begin to undergo metamorphoses, which by 1913 showed him as a representative of cubo-futurism.
Over time, Malevich once again pointed out what features distinguished Russian painting of the 20th century - he became the founder of a new stylistic trend, called Suprematism. A distinctive feature of this direction was that rectangular figures were laid in the compositional basis of the work. In fact, Suprematism is another kind of abstractionism, since it has similar features:
- pointlessness;
- lack of volume;
- geometric (any non-volumetric geometric shapes may be present, but the central part of the picture is a rectangle);
- asymmetry.
Malevich believed that Suprematism is a new plane of art, which is accessible to the understanding of a new type of artists who managed to survive the prejudices of the past. What features distinguished the Russianpainting at that time? According to the representatives of Suprematism, this is an opportunity to comprehend the highest level of art, to know the dynamics and statics of space by minimizing space.
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