Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev: biography, brief description of creativity

2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25

Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev, whose poems, biography and creative path will be discussed below, is an extremely interesting person. It is not for nothing that he is considered one of the best Russian classics, among which he occupies at least a place of honor. He became famous not only as a poet, but also as a diplomat in the service of Russia, and also (albeit to a lesser extent) as a publicist and corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Like many creative personalities, his relationship with women was intricate, one might say, creative and did not fit into the framework of philistine morality. There were mistakes and tragic moments on the poet's life path.

First Name Tyutchev, biography. A Brief History of Young Years

Fyodor Tyutchev saw the light in the Ovstug family estate of the Bryansk district on December 5, 1803. You could say he was a child prodigy. He knew Latin, was fond of Roman poetry, and at the age of 13 he translated the poems of Horace. Fourteen years old becamea free student of the Verbal Department of Moscow University, and at 16 he became a member of the Student Society of Russian Literature Lovers. Having received a diploma in 1821, Tyutchev gets a good job - the job of an attaché (albeit a freelance one) in Bavaria, at the Russian diplomatic mission.

In Munich, Tyutchev (a brief biography does not convey details) meets Heine and Schelling, as well as Novalis. The latter subsequently had a very great influence on the poet's work. In 1826, a young Russian diplomat marries Countess Eleanor Peterson. Three daughters were born from this marriage. In 1937, the family suffers a shipwreck in the B altic Sea. Ivan Turgenev, who turned out to be a passenger on the same ship, helps Tyutchev save his wife and daughters. But the catastrophe fatally affected Peterson's he alth, and she died in 1838.

Three Muses

Although eyewitnesses say that Tyutchev turned gray overnight at his wife's coffin, next year he enters into a new marriage - with the recently widowed Baroness Ernestine Pfeffel-Dernberg. There is evidence that he had a relationship with her during the life of Eleanor. In addition to these two ladies, the poet dedicated many lyrical poems to a certain E. A. Denisyeva. Which of these three women Tyutchev loved the most, the biography - a brief history of his life - is silent about this.

Return to Russia

On behalf of the Russian Foreign Ministry until 1844, Tyutchev was actively engaged in promoting an active image of Russia in the West. He writes his first journalistic works: “Letter to Mr. Kolb", "Note to the Tsar", "Russia and Revolution" and others. In Russia, he took the place of senior censor at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In 1858, he rose to the rank of real state councilor.

Being a tough censor and an ardent supporter of the Russian empire, Tyutchev (a brief biography of the poet is full of such oddities) nevertheless belonged to Belinsky's circle and was published in the Sovremennik magazine. In December 1872, the Privy Councilor felt a sharp deterioration in his he alth. Headaches began to haunt him, his left hand lost sensitivity, and his eyesight weakened. On January 1, 1873, he had a stroke that half paralyzed the poet. On July 15 of the same year, Tyutchev died, and this happened in Tsarskoe Selo. The classic is buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.

Poet Tyutchev: biography and creativity

Researchers of Tyutchev's works and style believe that his path as a creator can be divided into three periods. Youthful poems (before 1820) are archaic in style. The second period (1820-40s) is odic poetry, in which the features of European romanticism are intertwined. After a 10-year break in writing poetry, the third, mature period (1850-70) begins. The "Denisiev cycle" of love lyrics is being created, political works are being written.