2024 Author: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:25
Symbolism in Russia differs significantly from this trend in the art of other European countries. Originating at the end of the nineteenth century, Russian symbolism has its own characteristics that make it recognizable and unique. Its origin is associated with the activities of famous publicists and poets - Z. Gippius, D. Merezhkovsky, V. Bryusov. The symbolism in their work is primarily religious and mystical, Christian. In other words, the comprehension of a symbol is an act of knowledge of God. S. M. Solovyov and F. M. Dostoevsky.
Basically, literary symbolism is a unity of idea, a common direction and meaning. Symbolism in painting is contradictory and ambiguous, and in some way enters into an ideological conflict with the literary basis. The answer to the spiritual quests of writers is a pure display of spirituality ("Vision to the lad Bartholomew", "The Hermit", "Works of St. Sergius" by M. Nesterov), on an excessivepathetic mood - irony and grotesque ("Spring" by M. Chagall, "Bathing of the Red Horse" by Petrov-Vodkin and so on).
Symbolism in painting was the first to be used by M. Vrubel. Bright, tense, one might say, the mosaic painting of this great master is epic, monumental. It feels the contradiction between the real surrounding world and the author's fantasy. His works immerse us in the era of epic heroes, hoary antiquity, which appears before us as something fabulous and fantasy.
A vivid example of how symbolism is shown in painting is Vrubel's famous work "Pearls". The infinite universe, shimmering mysteriously and fabulously with mother-of-pearl tones, is reflected in a tiny pearl. Or another, no less famous, "Seated Demon". Thanks to compositional techniques, the look of the character depicted in the picture hypnotizes and fascinates, evoking a sense of fear and inner discomfort. But despite such mixed feelings, it is impossible to look away from him.
The further development of symbolism in painting was due to the work of an association of artists called "Blue Rose". The most prominent representative of this group was V. E. Borisov-Musatov. The period of creativity of this artist coincides with the turn of the century, which was reflected in his manner of writing. Starting from impressionistic sketches, he gradually came to a new style of panel paintings, organically conveying the imagery that symbolism in painting is filled with. famous work"Tapestry" seems at first glance mundane and does not attract the simplicity of the plot. However, in the manner in which the two women are depicted talking, an immeasurable depth is hidden. The viewer is given a special tension of the composition. There is a feeling that the "Tapestry" hides the mysterious signs of higher being and something unknown.
Over time, symbolist artists unite around the magazine "World of Art". The turning point in the history of the state was, as it were, predicted in the very spirit of symbolism, and later transmitted and comprehended in the paintings of artists. In post-revolutionary times, the techniques of this style served as a tool for expressing a new era: "New Planet" by K. F. Yuon, "Bolshevik" by B. M. Kustodiev, etc.
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